| Rice growth,increases unhusked rice yield,reduces heavy metal content in brown rice,and reduces soil available heavy metal content were promoted by silicon fertilizer.The effects of the new steel slag silicon fertilizer developed by Hunan University of Humanities and Technology and Russian experts on the quality of rice seedlings,unhusked rice yield,the content of heavy metal cadmium and lead in brown rice and the content of available heavy metals cadmium and lead in soil were studied in this experiment.The results are as follows:(1)The rice seedling rate is improved obviously with the new steel slag silicon fertilizer,namely activated steel slag silicon fertilizer.The rice seedling rate with new steel slag silicon fertilizer was 62.5% in the normal environment,2.5% higher than that of the control without silicon fertilizer,the difference of that was not significant in LSD biostatistics.The rate of planting seedlings with new steel slag silicon fertilizer was 50.0% under the light degree of cadmium and lead pollution,26.3% higher than that without silicon fertilizer,and the difference of that was significant.The rate of planting seedlings with new steel slag silicon fertilizer was35.9% under the heavy degree of lead and cadmium pollution,35% higher than that without silicon fertilizer,the difference of that was significant.The rate of planting seedling of new steel slag silicon fertilizer was higher than that of the unactivated steel slag silicon fertilizer,but lower than that of liquid silicon fertilizer,but the difference of those were not significant.The root length,stem width,stem length,leaf length of rice seedling are improved in different degrees with the new steel slag silicon fertilizer under normal environment and heavy metal pollution environment.(2)The seedling biomass is increased with the new steel slag silicon fertilizer.The fresh weight of the seedling with new steel slag silicon fertilizer was 10.75 g in the normal environment,increased by 28% compared with that without silicon fertilizer,and the difference of that was significant.The fresh weight of per plant with new steel slag silicon fertilizer was7.65 g in light degree of cadmium and lead pollution,increased by 106.8% compared with that without silicon fertilizer,and the difference of that was significant.The fresh weight per plant with new steel slag silicon fertilizer was 7.78 g under the heavy degree of lead and cadmium pollution,increased by 198.1% compared with that without silicon fertilizer,and the difference of that was significant.The effect of new steel slag silicon fertilizer on improving rice seedling quality is better than that of the unactivated steel slag silicon fertilizer and worse than that of liquid silicon fertilizer,while the differences of those were not significant.(3)The unhusked rice yield is increased significantly with the new steel slag silicon fertilizer.The unhusked rice yield per plant with new steel silicon fertilizer was 30.50 g in the normal environment,was highest in 12 treatments,and according to 20000 plants per mu,the unhusked rice yield per mu was 610 kg,increased by 29.8% than that of the control without silicon fertilizer,and the differences of that was significant.The unhusked rice yield of per plant with new steel slag silicon fertilizer was 23.6g in the light degree of lead and cadmium pollution,45.8% higher than that without silicon fertilizer,and the differences of that was significant.The unhusked rice yield per plant with the new steel slag silicon fertilizer was 22.45 g in the heavy degree of lead and cadmium pollution,60.5% higher than that without silicon fertilizer,and the differences of that was significant.The unhusked rice yield of the new steel slag silicon fertilizer was highest in all treatment,but the difference with liquid silicon fertilizer and unactivated steel slag silicon fertilizer were not significant in LSD biostatistics.The unhusked rice yield is increased with the new steel slag silicon fertilizer by means of the effective panicles per panicle,the number of grains per panicle and seed setting rate being raised mainly,but the little effect on1000 grain weight with the new steel slag silicon fertilizer.(4)The content of cadmium and lead in brown rice is reduced significantly with the new steel slag silicon fertilizer,but the content of cadmium and lead in brown rice is not lower than those of the China national standard--0.2mg cadmium or lead /kg brown rice.The content in brown rice with new steel slag silicon fertilizer were 0.524 mg cadmium /kg and 0.299 mg lead/kg brown rice respectively in the light degree of cadmium and lead pollution,50.4%and54.2%lower than those without silicon fertilizer respectively,and the differences of those were significant.The content of cadmium and lead in brown rice with the new steel slag silicon fertilizer were 0.612 mg /kg and 0.345mg/kg respectively in heavy degree of cadmium and lead pollution,91.2% and 87% lower than those of without silicon fertilizer respectively,and the differences of those were significant.Although the cadmium and lead in brown rice is reduced with the new steel slag silicon fertilizer there were no significant difference than that of liquid silicon fertilizer and unactivated steel slag silicon fertilizer.(5)The effective content of cadmium and lead in the soil is reduced with the new steel slag silicon fertilizer,but the extent of reduction is not as wide as that in rice,and the regularity about those is not obvious.The effective cadmium and lead content with the new steel slag silicon fertilizer in the soil was respectively 1.20 mg cadmium /kg soil and 2.37 mg lead /kg soil in a light degree of lead and cadmium pollution,reduced 66.7% and 5.9% respectively than those of without silicon fertilizer,and the differences of those were not significant.The effective cadmium and lead content with the new steel slag silicon fertilizer in the soil is 4.64 mg cadmium/kg soil and 3.30 mg lead /kg soil respectively in the heavy degree of cadmium and lead pollution,reduced 11.0% and 14.5% respectively than those of without silicon fertilizer,and the differences about cadmium was not significant while the differences about lead was significant.In general,the rice seedling quality is improved,the unhusked rice yield is increased,the content of heavy metals cadmium and lead in brown rice is reduced and the available content of heavy metals cadmium and lead in soil is reduced obviously by means of the new steel slag silicon fertilizer.But the brown rice with heavy metal cadmium and lead content under China national standard is not produced by only the new steel slag silicon fertilizer in the environment of heavy metal cadmium and lead pollution.The reduction of the effective content of heavy metal cadmium and lead in soil is less than the reduction of the content of heavy metal cadmium and lead in brown rice by meas of new steel slag silicon fertilizer. |
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