Analysis Of The Status Quo Of Soil Erosion Of Siming Mountain In East Zhejiang Based On RUSLE Model

The earth’s surface is the material basis of human production and life,and soil erosion as a universal ecological environmental problem,has increasingly attracted the attention of all countries in the world.China has even elevated the construction of ecological civilization to a national strategic level.The Siming Mountain area of Zhejiang has implemented the strategy of ecological civilization by actively carrying out ecological development projects,and has achieved certain results.Therefore,quantitative analysis of the relationship between the geological scale and the modern-scale soil erosion rate in Siming Mountain,in-depth exploration of the causes of soil erosion changes in specific areas,and the correlation between human activities and soil erosion,to provide reference data and data for the overall layout of prevention and mitigation of disasters,economic construction and social development in Siming Mountain,and demonstrates the importance of local ecological civilization construction from a geographical perspective.In this study,the Siming Mountain area was used as an example.Using ancient landform restoration method and the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation,based on the basic theory of soil and water conservation,spatial analysis and mathematical statistics were used to calculate the erosion on the geological scale and modern scale(1995,2005,2015).Then analyze the soil erosion at the modern scale on the basis of the geological scale and national soil erosion standards.Secondly,it studies the relationship between human activity intensity index and terrain undulation and soil erosion,and explores the internal factors of its relationship with soil erosion.The following main conclusions are obtained:In this paper,based on the ancient landform restoration method,the Kriging interpolation algorithm is adopted.The area of the restored landform is 932.65 km~2;the total volume of erosion is 141.86 km~3 and the average erosion thickness is 152.1m;There is covered basalt in the place where the paleo-weathering crust developed in the study area.By the age of the basalt and inferring the end time of the quasi-plain process of the planation surface,the disintegration and preservation time of the last planation stage was 10.5～3.0 Ma.The denudation rate in the study area was calculated as 0.014～0.0507 mm/a.The surface erosion at the geological scale in the Siming Mountain area is dominated by hydraulic erosion,which mainly presents from northwest to southeast.The erosion along the gully river bed gradually increases.In this paper,The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation is used to calculate the soil erosion rate in the three phases of 1995,2005 and 2015.Based on rainfall data,soil texture data,DEM,remote sensing images and land use data,rainfall erosion factor,soil erodibility factor,slope length factor,vegetation coverage and management factor and soil and water conservation measure factor were calculated.The soil erosion modulus was calculated based on five soil erosion factors.The results showed that the soil erosion modulus in the Siming Mountain area in 1995,2005 and 2015 was 4292.4t/(km~2·a),1897.1 t/(km~2·a),1887.7 t/(km~2·a),then calculate the soil erosion thickness in the Siming Mountain area.The corresponding average soil erosion rate are 4.049mm/a、1.789 mm/a、1.780 mm/a.Compared with the geological scale,the rate of soil erosion in the three-stage modern scale has been accelerated by 79.8、35.3 and 35.1times at least,respectively.According to the Classification Standards for Soil Erosion(SL190-2007),it can be judged that the soil was moderate eroded in 1995,and was mild erosion in 2005 and 2015.From the transfer matrix of soil erosion intensity in the Siming Mountain area from 1995 to 2005 to 2015,it can be seen that the general trend of soil erosion from 1995 to 2005 shifted from high-level erosion intensity to low-level soil erosion,and the period from 2005 to 2015 showed a steady decline in soil erosion intensity.In the analysis of the modern-scale soil erosion driving mechanism of Siming Mountain,the correlation statistics of the soil erosion modulus,the intensity index of human activities,and the degree of topography were found:soil erosion modulus is positively correlated with terrain undulation,and the correlation has a small change,indicating that terrain have a relatively stable influence on soil erosion.The greater terrain undulation,the more vulnerable the soil is to erosion.The soil erosion modulus is negatively correlated with the intensity of human activities,indicating that the stronger the human activity,the weaker the intensity of soil erosion.Based on the relevant statistical data of the study area,it is found that the industrial layout of Siming Mountain is reasonable,the income of farmers has increased substantially,the level of agricultural modernization has gradually increased,and the construction of ecological civilization has achieved good results.Comprehensive analysis shows that precipitation,vegetation and soil and water conservation measures among the soil erosion factors in Siming Mountain area have a greater impact on the erosion results,and the influence of topographic elements on soil erosion is relatively stable;at the same time,related human activities under the implementation of the ecological civilization strategy have shown a significant positive effect on the regional ecological environment protection represented by soil erosion.