| Postpartum dairy cows are prone to negative energy balance due to the decrease in dry matter intake due to lactation and their own energy demand,as well as a variety of reasons,which will lead to the occurrence of other metabolic diseases or infectious diseases,seriously affecting the performance and milk quality of dairy cows.Numerous studies have confirmed that there is a close relationship between postpartum rumen metabolism and negative energy balance.At present,under the background of restricting the addition of antibiotics in feed,more and more people turn their eyes to traditional Chinese herbal medicine.Gui Qi Yi Mu San has the effect of invigorating qi and promoting blood circulation,and has a good clinical effect on postpartum paralysis,uterine effusion and other diseases of cows.Existing studies have shown that the three Chinese herbal medicines composed of Gui Qi Yi Mu San,Angelica sinensis,Astragalus membranaceus and Motherwort Leonurus,can regulate the body’s energy metabolism,immune function and antioxidant effects.Chinese veterinary medicine believes that the spleen is acquired this,the source of qi and blood biochemical.Therefore,this study studied the health care mechanism of Gui Qi Yi Mu San on postpartum cows from the perspectives of rumen fluid metabolites,blood biochemical and cytokines.The results are as follows:1.UPLC-MS/MS rumen fluid metabolomics study showed that on postpartum day 7,404 rumen fluid metabolites were detected in both control group and experimental group.Compared with the control group,there were 11 different metabolites in experimental group,of which 5 were upregulated and 6 were down-regulated.ROC curve analysis further proved that the areas under the AUC curve of the 11 metabolites were all greater than 0.8,which could be regarded as biomarkers of the two groups of dairy cows.The results of pathway analysis showed that amino acid metabolism,nucleotide metabolism,vitamin metabolism and sugar metabolism were the most important metabolites among the 58 metabolic pathways,suggesting that these metabolic pathways had an important influence on rumen digestion and metabolism.Nucleotide metabolism,vitamin B1 and B6 metabolism in experimental group,in the metabolism of amino acids,cysteine and methionine metabolism,metabolism of phenylalanine,tyrosine metabolism,alanine,glutamic acid and aspartic acid metabolism,D-glutamine and D-glutamic acid,arginine biosynthesis,histidine metabolism and tryptophan metabolism.2.The results of biochemical indexes showed that blood aspartate aminotransferase,free fatty acid and β-hydroxybutyric acid in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05),and glucose was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05)on postpartum day 7.In control group,aspartate aminotransferase,free fatty acid and β-hydroxybutyric acid at 7 postpartum days were significantly higher than those at 0 day(P<0.05,P<0.05,P<0.05),and glucose was significantly lower than that at 0 day(P<0.05).3.The results of cytokine determination showed that the plasma levels of TNF-α,IL-2 and IL-18 in control group were significantly increased at 7 postpartum days compared with 0 postpartum days(P<0.05).Compared with 0 d after 7 days,IL-2,IL-4,IL-10 and IL-18 in experimental group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and IL-13 was extremely significantly decreased(P<0.01);On postpartum day 0,there were no significant differences in inflammatory factors between the experimental group and the control group(P>0.05).On postpartum day 7,compared with the control group,IL-4 and IL-13 were significantly decreased in the experimental group(P<0.05),and IL-10,IL-2 and IL-18 were extremely significantly decreased(P<0.01).Conclusion:Gui Qi Yi Mu San down-regulated nucleotide,vitamin B1 and B6 metabolism,histidine and tryptophan metabolism,and up-regulated cysteine and methionine metabolism,phenylalanine metabolism,tyrosine metabolism,alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism,Dglutamate and D-glutamate and arginine biosynthesis in the rumen of postpartum dairy cows.Gui Qi Yi Mu San decreased the blood concentrations of free fatty acids,β-hydroxybutyric acid and aspartate aminotransferase in postpartum cows,and increased the blood glucose content.Gui Qi Yi Mu San has a bidirectional regulation effect on blood cytokines.These results suggest that Gui Qi Yi Mu San can regulate the composition and quantity of rumen microflora,improve the negative energy balance,and play an immune regulatory role by regulating the balance of Thl and Th2 cytokines. |
PDF Full Text Request