| This research was conducted to explore a method of DNA sexing in partridge(Alectoris chukar)from feather samples;nine growth curve models were used to fit the growth of partridge;Myostatin(MSTN)gene which related to growth traits of partridge was selected as a candidate gene.The expression profile of the partridge MSTN gene in eleven tissues and a spatio-temporal expression profile in the pectoral muscle were studied using qRT-PCR method,and histological section method was applied to reveal the law of partridge muscle fiber development.The correlations between the muscle fiber diameter,cross-sectional area,density,the expression of MSTN in the pectoral muscle,and live weight were analyzed.The main results were listed as follows:DNA Sexing in Partridge(Alectoris chukar)Using feathers of partridge as DNA Sources,a PCR test was used employing primers that amplify two homologous fragments of both the CHD-W gene,unique of females and the CHD-Z,occurring in the two sexes.The results showed that:high-quality genomic DNA Was extracted from feathers of partridge.there is a single CHD-Z(566bp)band in males but females have a second,distinctive CHD-W(416bp)band.Comparison of nine growth curve models to describe growth of partridges(Alectoris chukar)In this study,nine non linear growth curve models were used to determine the goodness of fit by the body weight measurements of the total number of 178 partridges(Alectorischukar),93 females,and 85 males,respectively.The R~2(coefficients of determination)values for the total partridges,females and males in Brody,Gompertz,Logitic.von Bertalanffy,asymptote regression.Monomolecular.Richards and Weibull-type were>0.9.and the R~2 values for Gompertz,Logistic.von Bertalanffy,Richards and Weibull-type were>0.99.while the exponential(<0.90)had the lowest.What’s more,the MSE(mean square error)of Gompertz,Logistic,von Bertalanffy,Richards and Weibull-type<100,and the MSE of Weibull-type models had the largest,were 54.98,21.68 and 12.76 respectively.The r(the correlation coefficient between measured body weight and estimated body weight)of all nine growth curve models were>0.9.among of them Weibull-type had the lowest,were 0.9992,0.9993 and 0.9993 respectively.Weibull-type models best described the data because of lower MSE(mean square error),AIC(Akaike’s information criteria)and BIC(Schwarz Bayesian information criterion),higher adj.R~2(Adjusted coefficient of determination)and r(the correlation coefficient between measured body weight and estimated body weight)and there was not an autocorrelation between the residual values.As a result,based on goodness of fit criteria;R~2,adj.R~2,MSE,r,AIC,BIC values,the Weibull-type model best described live weight data of the Partridges(Alectoris chukar).Expression of MSTN gene and its correlation with live weight and pectoralis muscle fiber traits in the Partridges(Alectoris chukar).Histological section method was applied to reveal the law of partridge muscle fiber development,including fiber diameter,cross-sectional area and density.Results showed that muscle fiber of partridge developed fastly from 2w to 10w.the fiber diameter and cross-sectional area increased significantly linearly with the increasing age,while fiber density decreased with the increasing ages.The rate of muscle fiber development slower after 12w,and the growth rate of muscle fiber diameter and cross-sectional area had been decreased from 12w.Male partridge also obtained higher value of fiber diameter and cross-sectional area than female partridge though the difference were statistically non-significant.Myostatin(MSTN)is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth and plays an important role in muscle development.In this research.we constructed a tissue expression profile of the partridge MSTN gene in eleven tissues and a spatio-temporal expression profile in the pectoral muscle using qRT-PCR method.Results showed that MSTNgene expressed widely in different tissues of partridge at different age and skeletal muscle had higher expression.In addition,the MSTN mRNA expression level in breast muscle was significantly higher than that in other tissues(p<0.05),and showed an interesting trend that it increased with age until 10w and then decreased with age.The correlations between the muscle fiber diameter,cross-sectional area,density,the expression of MSTN in the pectoral muscle.and live weight were analyzed.Pearson correlation coefficients indicated that the expression of MSTN had significant correlations with fiber diameter(r=0.650)and fiber density(r=-0.721)(P<0.05)but not with live weight(r=0.629).or fiber cross-sectional area(r=0.580).Besides,the live weight had significant correlations with muscle fiber development(fiber diameter(r=0.907),cross-sectional area(r=0.984)and density(r=-0.841))(P<0.01).fiber density had significant positive correlations with fiber diameter(r=-0.931)and fiber cross-sectional area(r=-0.878)... |
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