| Climate change and human activities have increased global soil erosion,which has and will continue to affect the global soil conservation service function.As an important ecological function protection area in Shandong Province,Mouwen River Basin has a fragile ecological environment and serious soil loss.In recent years,a series of ecological restoration measures have been implemented in the Mouwen River Basin,such as returning farmland to forest（grass）and soil erosion control.however,whether these measures have effectively slowed down soil erosion in the Mouwen River Basin in the central mountain area of Shandong Province?The question remains unanswered scientifically.Based on four Landsat remote sensing image monitoring data from 1990to 2018,the spatial and temporal characteristics of soil erosion and soil conservation function were quantitatively analyzed by using RUSLE model and GIS spatial analysis method,and the dominant influencing factors of soil conservation function were discussed by using geographic detector method in the Mu Wen River Basin in the central mountain area of Shandong Province.The main conclusions are as follows:（1）Soil erosion modulus varied from 486.04-846.24 t·km-2·a-1 during 1990-2018 in Mowen River Basin.The soil erosion is mainly concentrated in the mountainous and hilly areas with high terrain and large average slope and sloping farmland areas.From1990 to 2018,the soil erosion tended to improve,the soil erosion modulus gradually decreased,and the soil erosion intensity mainly changed from mild or above erosion to slight erosion.With the increase of slope,the area of soil erosion with mild or above erosion increased to different degrees,and the soil erosion tended to be serious first and then moderate with the increase of slope.In recent 30 years,the increase of vegetation coverage has a significant promoting effect on the reduction of soil erosion modulus in the Mouwen River Basin.（2）The variation range of soil erosion modulus was 787.48-897.2 t·km-2·a-1 from 1990to 2018 in the Mowen River Basin.There are significant differences in the spatial distribution of soil conservation functions,and the overall spatial distribution pattern is high in the surrounding area and low in the middle,high in the north and low in the south,and high in the east and low in the west.From 1990 to 2018,the soil conservation function in the Mouwen River Basin increased,and the soil conservation intensity gradually changed from low to high conservation.Among all types of landscape types,the soil conservation capacity per unit area of woodland was the highest,followed by grassland and cultivated land,and the soil conservation capacity of unused land was the lowest.Forestland and grassland are the main contributors to the total amount of soil conservation.Therefore,strengthening the protection of forestland and grassland can effectively improve the soil conservation function and play an important role in the improvement of the ecological environment in the Mouwen River Basin.3)The results of factor detector showed that slope was the main factor affecting soil conservation function from 1990 to 2018,followed by altitude.In 2018,vegetation coverage became the dominant factor affecting soil conservation function,followed by slope.In recent 30 years,the explanatory power of vegetation coverage on soil conservation function has gradually increased.The contribution to soil conservation is becoming more and more significant.The results of the two-factor detector showed that the interaction of soil conservation factors was beneficial to enhance the explanatory power of each factor on soil conservation function,and the synergistic effect of slope and vegetation coverage was the strongest,with the explanatory power reaching more than 30%.This greatly increases the influence of single factor on soil conservation function.Therefore,it is very necessary to strengthen the protection of forestland and forbidding the cultivated land on steep slope to enhance the function of soil conservation. |
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