| Under the situation of shortage of water resources in Hebei province,the differences of water consumption characteristics and yield formation characteristics of strong gluten winter wheat under different irrigation quotas were studied,optimizing water-saving irrigation strategy for winter wheat in Hebei Province is of great significance to actively respond to the demand of underground water pressure mining and realize sustainable production of strong gluten winter wheat.This study was respectively conducted in Xijing Village(Environment 1)and Zhaoxian North Agricultural Park(Environment 2)of Shijiazhuang City,Hebei Province during the 2018-2019 winter wheat growing season,and in Liujiazhuang Village(Environment 3),Zhongtong Village(Environment 4)of Xinle City,and Dashiqiao Village(Environment 5)of Zhaoxian City,Hebei Province during the 20192020 winter wheat growing season.The water-saving and strong gluten winter wheat varieties GY 5766 and GY 2018 were used in the experiment.A total of 12 irrigation treatments were set.Irrigate 60 mm at jointing and anthesis stages as a water-saving control treatment(60-60),on this basis,there is a gradient every 15 mm,the irrigation quota during the growth period is gradually reduced to 105 mm(60-45,45-60),90 mm(60-30,45-45,3060),75 mm(45-30,30-45),60 mm(60-0,30-30),45 mm(45-0),and 30 mm(30-0),combining the differences in precipitation during wheat growth in 5 environments,analyzing the differences in water consumption characteristics and yield formation of different treatments,and clarifying suitable water-saving irrigation strategies under different precipitation years in Hebei Province,The main research results are as follows:1.The water consumption and water consumption composition of strong gluten winter wheat were significantly affected by the reduced irrigation quota.The total water consumption decreased gradually with the decrease of irrigation quota,and the consumption of soil water storage increased gradually with the decrease of irrigation quota.Compared with the water-saving control treatment 60-60,the total water consumption of the deficit irrigation treatments decreased by 1.76%～15.40%.When the irrigation quota was reduced to 75 mm～105 mm,the increase in soil water storage consumption was more than 5%.Around this time,the consumption of soil water storage with irrigation quotas below 75 mm has increased significantly.Without changing the irrigation amount during the anthesis stage and only lowering the irrigation amount during the jointing stage,the change in soil water consumption during the growth period is small,and the water consumption from jointing to anthesis has little effect,with the largest decrease being 14.08%.Without changing the irrigation amount during the jointing stage and only reducing the irrigation amount during the anthesis stage,the soil water consumption during the growth period increased significantly,which had a greater impact on the water consumption during the anthesis to maturity stage,with the largest decrease of 43.38%.2.The lowering of irrigation quota at the jointing stage has a greater impact on the number of spikes in strong gluten winter wheat.Without changing the amount of irrigation during the anthesis stage and only lowering the amount of irrigation during the jointing stage,the number of spikes in the maturity gradually decreased.When the irrigation amount at the jointing stage was not changed and the irrigation amount at the anthesis was reduced,the number of spikes and the rate of spike formation at the maturity stage have little changes.When the irrigation amount at jointing stage was lowered from 60 mm to 45 mm,the number of spikes decreased slightly,which was about 5%.The leaf area index(LAI)and dry matter accumulation from anthesis to maturity were significantly affected by adjusting irrigation amount at jointing and anthesis stage.Decrease of irrigation rate at anthesis accelerated senescence of leaves and decreased dry matter accumulation at maturity.A decrease of irrigation amount at jointing stage would make LAI at a lower level from anthesis to maturity,and dry matter accumulation at anthesis and maturity would also decrease.Decrease of irrigation rate at anthesis accelerated senescence of leaves and decreased dry matter accumulation at maturity.3.The decrease of irrigation quota had a great effect on the number of sterile spikelets,fertile spikelets,and the number of grains per spike of strong gluten winter wheat.When the irrigation amount was 75 mm～120 mm,the spike length and total spikelets of wheat had no significant difference.However,when the irrigation amount was lower than 75 mm,the panicle length and total spikelets decreased significantly.The number of sterile spikelets increased with the decrease of irrigation amount,but the number of fertile spikelets was the opposite.The grains per spike decreased with the decrease of irrigation amount,and the maximum decrease was 22.58%.The grain yield decreased with the decrease of the irrigation quota.Compared with water-saving control treatment 60-60,the yield of each deficit irrigation treatment in the five environments was reduced by 1.59%～29.41%,and the water use efficiency(WUE)of each deficit irrigation treatment was decreased by 1.40%～1 0.22%in the five environments.4.Based on the precipitation data of 30 years,the precipitation critical values of five types of years in this region were classified as 93.47 mm,112.27 mm,137.20 mm,and 155.90 mm,respectively.Under the experimental conditions,the precipitation of the five growth periods in the five environments belonged to the parched year,the normal year,and the moderately rich year.In summary,in the three annual precipitation patterns of this experiment,compared with the water-saving control treatment 60-60,the total water consumption of 60-45,45-60,60-30,and 45-45 treatments decreased by 1.76%～4.80%,the reduction ranges of yield and WUE are 4.86%to 6.21%and 1.40%to 2.95%,respectively.The four deficit irrigation strategies have little impact on the water consumption characteristics and yield formation of strong gluten winter wheat under various annual precipitation patterns.The four irrigation schemes have strong feasibility under different annual precipitation patterns in the region.Irrigation of 60mm at the jointing stage and 30mm at the anthesis stage is a high-yield irrigation strategy for strong gluten winter wheat in this region,which highlights the watersaving goal. |
