Effects Of Aeration Irrigation On The Environment Of Apple Root Zone,Root Development And Nutrient Absorption

The factors of root zone environment includes "water,fertilizer,gas,heat,organism" and others,each of which is closely related,among which water and gas are contradictory.The6-years-old Malus domestica Borkh.cv.Red Fuji trees were taken as the materials in this experiment.Based on soil aeration by drilling hole,the different hole depth and irrigation frequency were set up to explore the effects of aeration irrigation on apple root zone environment,root development and nutrient absorption,and to provide reference for solving the contradiction between irrigation water and soil aeration in orchard.The main results are as follows:1.Aeration irrigation changed the activities of catalase,neutral phosphatase and urease in root zone soil.Among the 20 cm,40 cm and 60 cm depth of aeration,aeration irrigation with20 cm depth of aeration was more conducive to the improvement of soil catalase,neutral phosphatase and urease activities.2.Aeration irrigation significantly changed soil p H value,available nutrients and organic matter content.In the 20 cm,40 cm and 60 cm depth,the soil p H value,soil organic matter content and soil available potassium content of 40 cm depth aeration irrigation increased significantly.3.The nutrient content and root length density of Apple roots were significantly affected by aeration irrigation.Aeration irrigation with hole depth of 60 cm was beneficial to the increase of total nitrogen,total phosphorus content,total potassium content and root length density of Apple Roots in aeration irrigation treatments with hole depth of 20 cm,40 cm and60 cm.The contents of total nitrogen and total potassium in roots increased with the increase of aeration depth.4.Under the condition of soil aeration treatment at the depth of 40 cm,30 L water per hole was irrigated once,twice and three times in a month.The activity of catalase,activity of neutral phosphatase,activity of urease,content of alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,content of available phosphorus,content of available potassium,content of total nitrogen in roots and content of total potassium in roots were increased by three times irrigation.The results showed that the soil aeration irrigation significantly changed the enzyme activity,available nutrients and organic matter content of the root area,and increased the nutrient content and root length density of apple root.For aeration irrigation,the comprehensive effect of three irrigation with the depth of 40 cm and 30 L water per hole is the best.