Study On Erodible Soil And Wind Erosion Characteristics Of Cultivated Land In The Yellow River Alluvial Area Of Northeast Henan Province

Cultivated land is widely distributed in the Yellow River Alluvial Area.In winter and spring,strong winds and droughts lead to water and soil erosion that occurred on cultivated land.There are many types of soils in the region and their properties are different,and wind erosion of cultivated land is more likely to occur in the range of erodible soils.Therefore,defining the types of erodible soils and studying the characteristics of wind erosion of cultivated land are of great significance for wind erosion control and water and soil conservation in the Yellow River Alluvial Area.This study selects the Yellow River Alluvial Area of northeast Henan Province as the study area.It uses multi-source remote sensing images,positioning observation data,soil type maps,etc.as the main data sources.First,it used remote sensing to interpret the characteristics of cultivated land in the study area.Then,in order to define erodible soil,it used a combination of field sampling and indoor experimental analysis to determine indicators such as particle size and K.Finally,it researched the wind erosion on cultivated land and its influencing factors through the wind erosion model of cultivated land feature.The results can provide a reference for in-depth soil research in the Yellow River Alluvial Area,and provided a scientific basis for preventing wind erosion of cultivated land and improving the regional ecological environment.The main findings are as follows:（1）The mian land-use type in the study area is cultivated land,and cultivated land is mainly irrigated land.The area of cultivated land accounts for 65.98%of the study area.It mainly distributed in the slope range of≤2°.The area of irrigated land accounts for 98.94%of cultivated land,mostly two-cropping a year farming;the one-cropping one-year farming irrigated land is mainly in Zhongmu County and Xiangfu District.（2）There are 11 types of soils instudy area,sandy soil,meadow aeolian sandy soil,irrigated fluvo-aquic soil,salinized fluvo-aquic soil and desiccated fluvo-aquic soil were erodible soil.The main types are small mixed soil and sandy soil.In terms of soil particle size composition,sandy soil,meadow aeolian sandy soil,salinized fluvo-aquic soil,and silt soil are mainly sand particles.Other types are mainly powder.In terms of the content of erodible particles（with a particle size range of 0.075～0.4mm）,the content of sandy soil,meadow aeolian sandy soil,irrigated silted alluvial soil,and salinized alluvial soil is higher with the range of 28.30-31.36%.The K values of various types of soil are all high,and the range is0.010～0.060.Sandy soil,meadow aeolian sandy soil,irrigated fluvo-aquic soil,salinized fluvo-aquic soil and desiccated fluvo-aquic soil have more than 1/3 samples with erodible particle content≥25%,And the erodibility of more than 1/2 samples is medium and above.Therefore,they were defined as erodible soil.They are mainly in Zhongmou County,Xiangfu District,Weishi County and other regions.（3）The time and spatial distribution characteristics of wind erosion influencing factors in the study area were obvious.The annual value changes of U is‘M-shaped’,and it is higher from February to May.Spatially,it shows the characteristic of‘decreasing stepwise from southeast to northwest’.In east of Lankao County and east of Qixian County,the value is higher.The value of W changes throughout the year in a"wave-like"pattern,the value is higher from July to September.Spatially,it shows a characteristic of‘decreasing from the middle to the surroundings’,with higher values in the northwestern part of Lankao County and the southern part of Qi County.The value of Z₀ is relatively high from March to October,and the two-cropping system a year is higher than the one-cropping system,there are areas with low roughness in Zhongmou County,Xiangfu District and Lankao County.（4）Wind erosion on cultivated land in the study area mainly occured from February to May,and it was mainly mild erosion.It was mainly distributed in Zhongmu County and other areas.Within the entire study area,the wind erosion modulus of cultivated land in each half-months showed an"M-shape",and the modulus was higher from February to May and November to December.The annual cumulative value of the modulus is in the range of 0～694.77 t/（km²·a）.Wind erosion on cultivated land is dominated by mild erosion,accounting for 58.07%of the cultivated land area,mainly in Zhongmu County,the western part of Xiangfu District and other areas.Within the range of erodible soil,the wind erosion modulus on cultivated land in each half-months is also"M-shaped".The modulus is higher from February to May and November to December.The annual cumulative value of the modulus is in the range of 0～689.33 t/（km²·a）,and the average value is 287.66 t/（km²·a）,which is higher than the regional average（245.52 t/（km²·a））.Wind erosion is dominated by mild erosion,accounting for 74.09%of the cultivated land in the area of erodible soil,mainly in Zhongmu County,the west of Xiangfu District,the northeast of Qi County,the northwest of Weishi County,the north of Tongxu County,the east and the south of Lankao County.