Development Of Goose Incubator And Its Effect On Hatching Performance

Poultry hatching,as an important part of poultry farms,directly affects the economic benefits of poultry farms.Because of the large size and long incubation time of goose eggs,the incubation procedure is cumbersome and difficult.Compared with the hatching rate of chicken and duck eggs,the overall hatching rate of goose eggs is not high and unstable.The natural hatching process of eggs receives light.The existing hatching equipment simulates the natural hatching state of eggs.However,the whole process in the incubator is completely dark.In recent years,a large number of studies have shown that light can improve the hatchability of poultry.By analyzing the shortcomings of the existing goose incubators and the operating habits of the incubators,this paper designs the original fixed eggshell as a mobile eggshell.By comparing the different connection modes between the eggshell and the incubator,the most reasonable connection mode is selected to complete the development of the mobile eggshell incubator.The performance test of the mobile eggshell incubator is carried out by comparing the original incubator.The LED light incubator was developed for goose eggs hatching.The uniformity of light in the incubator was studied,and the optimal arrangement of light source was selected.The influence of different light on goose eggs hatching performance was tested by using LED light incubator during goose eggs hatching.The beneficial light mode for goose eggs hatching performance was obtained through data collection and analysis.The work and conclusions are as follows:1.Aiming at the problems of the existing goose incubator such as cumbersome incubation operation,high labor intensity of incubation operation and small egg capacity,this paper analyzed the operation habits and hatching process of the incubator,and determined that the original fixed eggshell type goose incubator was designed as a mobile eggshell type goose incubator.Because of the requirement of goose eggs incubation,the characteristics of turning over eggs at large angles were retained.Firstly,the frame structure of the egg cart is designed,and then the different connection modes between the egg cart and the power source are compared and manufactured.Finally,it is determined that the egg turning motor is separated from the egg cart and installed on the top of the box.The egg turning mechanism is installed on the egg cart.The egg cart and the power source are connected by the spring cross chuck device,which can realize the connection and disconnection between the egg cart and the power source instantaneously.By comparing the simulation results with the measured results,the negative pressure ventilation mode is adopted in the incubator.By rotating the large fans on both sides of the incubator,the external air flow is introduced from the top air intake of the incubator.This ventilation mode can ensure that the wind speed between the two layers of eggs is more than 1 m/s,and meet the hatching needs of goose eggs.Compared with fixed eggshell incubator,mobile eggshell incubator reduced incubation time by 86%and increased egg capacity by 71%.The improvement of production efficiency of mobile eggshell incubator is mainly embodied in two aspects:the reduction of incubation time and procedure;and the shortening of production cycle of breeding farm due to the increase of egg capacity.2.Aiming at the uneven illumination in the incubator,the illumination in the incubator was simulated by using the optical simulation software Trace Pro Expert.By establishing the illumination model of LED lamp,the irradiance distribution of different light sources in the incubator was compared and analyzed.By building a test platform similar to the incubator in structure size,after comparing and analyzing the simulation data with the measured data and taking into account the actual production situation,the optimal layout and parameters of the light source of the LED light incubator are determined.That is to say,three light bands are installed above each layer of eggs,the horizontal spacing of each two adjacent lamp bands is 25 cm,and the spacing of each two adjacent layers of eggs is 22 cm.The design of the eggshell of LED light incubator not only meets the requirement of large angle turning eggs,but also meets the requirement of light uniformity parameters.The new lighting system can meet the requirements of light time control,light intensity control and good light uniformity during incubation.3.In order to find out the illumination to improve the hatchability of goose eggs,four LED light incubators were used in different batches of goose eggs during hatching process,and LED lights(full spectrum white light,monochrome red light,monochrome green light)were used as light source.Each batch of illumination hatching test was compared with the green,white and red light test groups by setting a control group.Three batches of experiments were conducted to verify the different light intensity and different light colors.The effects of light on the hatchability of goose eggs were studied,and repeated experiments were carried out on batches with better hatchability.The results showed that different illumination could affect the hatching rate of fertilized eggs and shorten the hatching window period.Adding uniform light intensity of 0.5-0.6 W/m2 LED full spectrum white light and monochrome red light during the incubation period of goose eggs can increase the hatching rate of fertilized eggs by 2-4 percentage points;full spectrum white light and monochrome red light can delay the hatching peak period by 8 hours,and the hatching time concentrates on 30 days;monochrome green light has no obvious effect on the hatching rate of fertilized eggs and the hatching peak period.