Design Of Electric Feeding-Picking Device For Vegetable Transplanter

Although the land is vast in China,the agricultural arable land in recent years is facing the threat of decreasing year by year.With the acceleration of population growth,the demand for vegetables is increasing,and it’s agricultural development is facing a severe form.Seedling transplanting can not only shorten the growth process of crops,increase yield,but also avoid the adverse factors caused by natural disasters during seedling stage.Due to the late development of transplanter technology in China,vegetable transplanting is mainly based on semi-automatic,which is not only manual feeding,but also labor intensive and inefficient.The automatic transplanting machine has become an inevitable trend in the future development.The automation of vegetable transplanting machine mainly includes the automation of feeding seedlings,the automation of picking seedling,and the automation of transplanting.This paper summarizes the problems and hidden dangers of the current seedlings and picking seedling,and designs a vegetable transplanting machine for the vegetable transplanting machine according to the principle of combining agricultural machinery with agronomy.The device adopts electric drive,which effectively alleviates the vibration generated by the transplanting machine during the working process,and the innovative design of the seedling-removing mechanism greatly improves the efficiency of seedlings.The main research contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)The tray seedlings were briefly introduced,and their development history was specifically studied.The superiority of seedling transplanting technology was summarized.In view of the shortcomings of the current transplanting machine,the basic requirements that the electric feeding device need to meet during design are proposed,and the overall scheme of the electric feeding device was formulated.According to the sequence of manual transplanting of seedling-planting seedling-transfer seedlings,the working principle of the electric feeding device was established.The program mainly includes three modules,namely the seedling tray transport module,the seedling module and the test module.(2)Designed the transfer mechanism and manufactured the prototype.The mechanized seeding process was mechanized and electrified,and the arrangement of the seedling tray and its inclination were first determined.Then the design of the lateral transfer mechanism and the longitudinal transfer mechanism was carried out.Including the longitudinal transfer ratchet mechanism,the design of the crank rocker mechanism and the selection of the conveyor sprocket.And the structure was continuously optimized,and finally the part drawing and assembly drawing were generated,and the prototype was processed.Its driving method abandons the conventional cylinder drive and replaces it with an electric drive.At the same time,the shifting electric system was designed,and the main motor was selected.The control part can realize CNC programming on the PC side through the HC1608K-60 controller.(3)Design and manufacture of the picking seedling mechanism.Firstly,the overall plan of the picking seedling mechanism was drafted,which mainly included the end effector and its driving and ejection mechanism.The seedling plan was determined,and the seedlings of each row were taken out twice,and the seedling method was top-clip type.Secondly,a rotary gripping type seedling end effector was designed.By taking special installation of the seedling clips,the edge of the nursery was clamped.At the same time,the driving mechanism was designed,and the structure of the cam swing lever was adopted to realize the intermittent position of the seedling end effector at the seedling point and the falling point.A design of the ejection mechanism was carried out.Finally,the electric system for picking seedlings was designed.According to the working principle,the working sequence of each part of the motor of the seedling picking mechanism was made into a flow chart,and controlled by CNC programming on the PC side.(4)Electric feeding device test for feeding seedlings and taking seedlings.First,the electric feeding device was connected with the control system,and each driving motor and electric push rod were debugged,so that each mechanism could be matched.Then,the trays with the seedlings were placed on the transfer mechanism for transfer and picking test.Through experiments,the accuracy of horizontal seedling feeding was 99.81%,the accuracy of longitudinal seedling feeding was 99.2%,the frequency of seedlings was 5.9 times/min,the success rate of seedlings was 73.5%,the injury rate was 3.5%,and the matrix loss rate was 4.61%.