Research On Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Soil Erosion In Bin County

As the giant panda in cultivated land,the utilization and protection of black soil is a complicated systematic project,involving many fields such as national development strategy layout,adjustment of national economic structure,food security,ecological environment security and so on.Due to the high-intensity farming and reclamation in the black soil area of Northeast China,the erosion of ditch cutting the surface is serious,the quality of cultivated land has declined,and the problem of nutrient loss has become prominent.Clarifying the characteristics and influencing factors of soil erosion in the black soil area is an important entry point for the protection of the black soil area.In this paper,Bin County,a typical black soil area,is used as the research area.Through in-depth research on the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of soil erosion,it provides strong technical support for the sustainable use of the black soil area.Taking the erosion gullies as the basic data,using Arc GIS spatial analysis,regression analysis and grey relational analysis methods,firstly explore the spatial distribution of erosion gullies and the characteristics of topographic differentiation;secondly,the spatial differentiation of soil nutrients and the effects of gully erosion Research on the impacts produced;finally,analyze the influencing factors of soil erosion from the two levels of natural factors and socio-economic factors.The result shows:(1)In 2019,the total number of erosion gullies in the study area was 4,012,with a total length of 865.24km and an average gully length of 215.66m.The erosion gullies are mainly micro and small ditches,and the length is concentrated between 0.10-0.60km.The density of erosion gullies is mainly concentrated in 0-100m/km~2,mostly distributed in the northern part of Bin County,showing a trend of spreading from the middle to the surroundings.(2)The topographic differentiation characteristics of erosion gullies density are related to slope,altitude and aspect.The gully erosion density is similar to the differentiation characteristics of elevation and slope.With the increase of altitude and slope,the gully erosion density shows a"V"-shaped change trend that first increases and then decreases.The gully erosion density reaches its peak at an altitude of 270-300m and a slope of 4-6°.There are obvious differences in the gully erosion density in different slope directions,showing a trend of shifting from east to west,with the highest gully erosion density in the northwest.(3)Soil organic matter,available phosphorus and available potassium all have moderate spatial variability,and total nitrogen has relatively strong spatial variability,which is easily affected by human factors.The spatial aggregation characteristics of the four types of soil nutrient content are significant.The high-value clusters of HH are mainly distributed in Tangfang Town and Manjing Town,and the low-value clusters of LL are mainly distributed in Jingjian Township,Minhe Township and Baidu Township.Under different gully erosion density gradients,the organic matter and total nitrogen content changed significantly.The nutrient content of the four types of soils all have a negative correlation with the gully erosion density,and gully erosion density has a greater influence on the organic matter content.(4)There are significant differences in gully erosion density under different rainfall erosivity,topographic factors,vegetation coverage and management factors,and soil erodibility factor grades.There is a negative correlation between rainfall erosivity and topographic factors and gully erosion density.Vegetation coverage and management factors.There is a positive correlation between soil erodibility and erosion gullies density.(5)The soil erosion sensitivity of Bin County is mainly in mild and moderately sensitive areas.Overall,the erosion sensitivity of the study area is not obvious,and there is no strong sensitive area.The ditching density of insensitive,mildly sensitive,moderately sensitive and highly sensitive areas showed a gradually increasing trend.The correlation coefficient and covariance coefficient of gully erosion density and soil infestation sensitivity were 1.589 and 0.037,respectively,indicating that the two showed a positive correlation.The stronger the sensitivity in the area,the greater the gully erosion density.(6)The correlation coefficient between commonly used cultivated land area and soil erosion is relatively high,which has a greater impact on soil erosion.The comprehensive correlation between population level and soil erosion is relatively high;the comprehensive correlation between economic level and soil erosion is relatively small,but the per capita net income of farmers at the extreme level of the secondary index has a greater impact on soil erosion;soil and water conservation in ecological construction Engineering and ecological protection engineering have greatly improved the status quo of soil erosion.