| Hexi corridor is an important grain base in gansu province,and intercropping of green manure-main crop is a common planting pattern in the area.At present,the regulation effect of the system on the main crop disease is not clear,especially the occurrence on the disease of the system is not clear.In this study,through the long-term positioning test of intercropping green manure,we paied our attention on the changed diversity of soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus(AMF)community structure and occurred diseases among different main crops intercropped with different green manure in Wuwei test station of the Oasis Irrigated Areas of the Hexi Corridor in Gansu province,and in green house we mainly investigated the wheat(Triticum aestivum)intercropping hairy vetch(Vicia villosa),which is the main cultivation pattern of wheat at this area,all of which were resecrched to provide intellectual support for the development of ecological green control technology about plant disease.1.We investigated green manure-maize(Zea mays),wheat and potato(Solanum tuberosum)intercropping system at Hexi corridor oasis irrigation,and we found mainly diseases of three main crops: rust(Puccinia sorghi),leaf spot(Bipolaris sorokiniana)and northern corn leaf spot(Bipolaris zeicola)of maize,leaf spot(B.sorokiniana)of wheat and early blight(Alternaria solani)and anthracnose(Colletotrichum coccodes)of potatoes.2.Intercropping common vetch(Vicia sativa),hairy vetch,Needles peas(Pisum sativum)and sweet pea(Lathyrus odoratus)can alleviate diseases of main crops which is maize(Zea mays),wheat and potato(Solanum tuberosum)by 1.97%~39.37%:(1)Intercropping common vetch and turning it reduced incidence of wheat leaf spot by 10.53%~13.63%;intercropping common vetch and hairy vetch then turned them reduced leaf spot of maize by 25.27%,reduced the early blight of potato by 2.84%~29.67%,and reduced the anthracnose of potato by 26.38%.(2)Intercropping needles peas and turning it reduced rust of maize at 1.97%~34.80%,early blight of potato by 2.83%~29.90%,and anthracnose of potato by 39.37%.(3)Intercropping sweet pea and turning it reduced rust of maize at 2.93%~28.87%,and reduced the anthracnose of potato by 14.00%.3.It be found that green manure and main crops could influence each other in happening of their own disease through the greenhouse experiment simulation of the intercropping of hairy vetch and wheat in the field.The incidence rate of hairy vetch significantly increased by 48.67%~143.62% made by intercropping wheat;the leaf spot of wheat could decreased the wheat yield by 16.04%~42.81%,and intercropping hairy vetch could reduced yield loss by 5.98%~8.10%,.4.The intercropping of green manure-main crops system can affect the diversity and abundance of AMF community in soil.A total of 23 species of AM fungi from 13 genera,8 families and 4 orders were detected in field experiments of Wuwei,and Glomeraceae accounted for 46.67%~81.09% of all samples,which was the dominant family of all samples,the dominant species were Funneliformis mosseae and Claroideoglomus lamellosum,whose relative abundance ranges from 10.97% to 54.11% and 15.15% to 45.56%,respectively.The types of main crops is one of important factors to affecting the AMF community,and intercropping green manure could increase the diversity and abundance of AMF communities,the soil available potassium(AK)and total nitrogen(TN)content had a significantly influence with AMF community,the higher diversity and richness of the AMF community,the lower incidence of main crop diseases.The analysis of the correlation between soil nutrients and disease occurred in the field showed that incidence of potato early blight was positively correlated with AK content,and incidence of maize leaf spot was negatively correlated with soil organic matter(SOM)content.Therefore,it is feasible to achieve green control of diseases through intercropping green manure crops and appropriate fertilization. |
PDF Full Text Request