| The purpose of the experiment was to study the effects of germanium-rich fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation on growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quality,blood index,immunity,antioxidant performance,environmental protection and economic benefits of the growing-finishing pigs.In the experiment,40 DLY pigs with similar age and weight of 87.38±0.62 kg were randomly divided into two groups:the control group(basic diet)and the experimental group(basic diet+0.5%germanium-rich fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation preparation).There were 4 replicates in each treatment group,5 replicates in each group,the preliminary feeding period was 7 days,and 49 days in total.The results showed that adding germanium-rich fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation into basic diet could:(1)Growth and slaughter performance:The average daily gain of growing-finishing pigs was significantly increased(P<0.05),the average daily feed intake was significantly reduced(P<0.05),and the F/G was extremely significantly reduced(P<0.01).The apparent digestibility of crude fat and crude fiber were significantly(P<0.05)and extremely significantly(P<0.01)increased respectively.The average backfat thickness was significantly reduced(P<0.05)and the loin eye area was significantly increased(P<0.05),indicating that germanium-rich fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation could improve the growth performance of growing-finishing pigs and the slaughter performance of growing-finishing pigs to some extent.(2)Meat quality:The content of germanium in pork,increased by 75%,was 0.21mg/kg(P<0.01).The cooking loss and centrifugal water loss of fat pork were significantly reduced(P<0.05).On the 4th,7th and 11th day of storage,the pH of pork was significantly reduced(P<0.05).On the 11th day of storage,the content of TVBN was significantly reduced(P<0.05).The total amount of amino acids and essential amino acids in pork were significantly increased(P<0.05),the total amount of flavor amino acids was extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),the total amount of saturated fatty acids and myristic acid were significantly reduced(P<0.05),and the total amount of unsaturated fatty acids and linoleic acid were significantly increased(P<0.05).The results showed that germanium-rich fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation could improve the content of germanium in pork,the water holding capacity,the freshness of pork,prolong the shelf life of pork,improve the content and proportion of amino acid and fatty acid,the quality of pork.(3)Anti-oxidation:The contents of T-AOC and CAT in serum were significantly reduced(P<0.05)and the contents of SOD and GSH-Px were extremely significantly reduced(P<0.01).The contents of T-AOC,CAT,GSH-Px and SOD in pork were extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),and the contents of MDA were extremely significantly decreased(P<0.01).The results showed that germanium-rich fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation could improve the antioxidant capacity of growing-finishing pigs.(4)Blood index:Serum levels of LDL,VLDL,TC,INS and SS were extremely significantly reduced(P<0.01),TP,ALB,GH and IGF-1 were extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),GLB,HDL and T3 were significantly increased(P<0.05),and TG and T4 were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The above results showed that germanium-rich fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation could promote thyroid,promote the transformation from T4 to T3,improve the utilization rate of fat metabolism in the body,and thus promote the growth and development of growing-finishing pigs.(5)Immune antibody:Serum IgA was significantly increased(P<0.05),IgG and IgM were extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),serum ACTH and COR were extremely significantly decreased(P<0.01),Which indicated that germanium-rich fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation could improve the anti-stress of growing-finishing pigs and enhance the immunity of growing-finishing pigs.(6)Environmental protection and economic benefits:Nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)contents in manure of growing-finishing pigs were significantly reduced by 6.42%and 22.5%respectively(P<0.05).The results showed that germanium-rich fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation could effectively reduce the excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus in manure of growing-finishing pigs.The unit price of pig’s ration increased by 0.09 yuan,up 3.64%;the income of average head gain increased by 74.71 yuan,up 6.58%;and the consumption of average head gain decreased by 12.6kg;the average feed cost was reduced by 17.77 yuan,down 4.47%;profit per head was 92.49 yuan,up 13.06%.This indicated that germanium-rich fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation could effectively improve the economic benefits of pigs.To sum up,adding 0.5%germanium-rich fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation to basic diet could effectively improve the growth performance of pigs,meat quality and germanium deposition in pork,immunity and anti-oxidation,reduce N and P excretion in pig feces,and effectively improve the economic benefits of pig farming. |
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