| Selenium plays an important role in preventing human diseases,maintaining good health and delaying cell aging.The body’s absorption of selenium is mainly obtained through plants.Red kidney beans are rich in high-protein,vitamin and a variety of amino acids and other nutrients.The development of selenium-enriched red kidney beans has an important impact on human nutrition and health.In this experiment,the effects of different selenium contents on the germination,growth and development,physiological characteristics,selenium content of various organs and mineral elements in various organs were studied by germination test and field experiment.The main findings are as follows:（1）The germination potential,germination rate,germination index and vitality index of kidney bean seeds increased by 12.1%,17.1%,53.8%,and 103.2% under selenium soaking.The POD and SOD activities of the shoots increased by 246.4% and 107.0%,respectively,the soluble protein content increased by 24.3%,the MDA content decreased by 58.3%,and the DPPH free radical scavenging rate was as high as82.0%.The selenium content in the shoots increased by 19.7 times,and there was a quadratic regression relationship with selenium soaking concentration（R2=0.9826）.By comprehensive analysis of calculated membership function values,the maximum membership function value was 0.9676 at 30 mg·L-1,so 30mg·L-1 was the optimum seed soaking concentration for kidney beans.（2）Kidney bean plant height,stem thickness,LAI,leaf dry weight,and stem dry weight increased by6.3%,4.1%,5.4%,4.7%,and 2.2%,respectively,compared to the control under soaking treatment,and increased by 54.2%,16.6%,44.7%,7.9%,6.8%,the increase of 58.9%,26.1%,101.6%,23.6%,77.7%under the combination of soaking seeds and spraying selenium,respectively.Through comprehensive analysis,the effects of selenium spraying on the growth and development of kidney beans were greater than the selenium soaking and the combination between soaking and spraying.The five growth and development indexes of kidney bean were the best under selenium soaking seed J4,foliar spraying P2,and the combination between seed soaking and selenium spraying J3P3.（3）Kidney bean POD activity,soluble protein content,GSH content,chlorophyll content,and MDA content were increased or decreased by 10.5%,0.8%,3.5%,8.0%,13.1% compared with the control under soaking treatment,respectively,and under selenium spray treatment,respectively It increased or decreased by 28.0%,1.9%,38.9%,11.5%,22.7%,and increased or decreased by 66.4%,3.2%,81.3%,36.2%,40.4%under the combination of seed soaking and selenium spraying,respectively.Through comprehensive analysis,the effect of selenium spraying on the physiological characteristics of kidney beans was greater than the selenium soaking and the combination between soaking and spraying.The five physiological indexes of kidney bean were the best under selenium soaking seed J3,leaf spraying selenium P3,and the combination between seed soaking and selenium spraying J1P3.（4）Selenium application can effectively increase the number of kidney bean pods and increase the weight of 100 seeds.The yield of kidney beans increased by 28.3% under soaking treatment,increased by50.1% under selenium spray treatment,and increased by 91.8% under the combination of seed soaking and selenium spraying.Through comprehensive analysis,the and related traits were best under selenium soaking seed J2,selenium spraying P3,and the combination between seed soaking and selenium spraying J2P3.（5）The selenium content of kidney bean organs significantly increased under selenium application.The distribution of selenium content was as follows: grain>leaf>stalk>pod.The highest selenium content in the grains reached 0.2630 mg·kg-1,which was 13.2 times higher than the control.Through comprehensive analysis,the effect of improving selenium content in kidney organs was best under selenium soaking seed J1,selenium spraying P3,and the combination between seed soaking and selenium spraying J3P3.（6）The selenium application effectively increased the content of mineral elements in kidney beans grains,which increased by 0.33,11.19,0.4,and 0.3 times,respectively,compared with the control kidney grains by Mn,Fe,Cu,and Zn.Through comprehensive analysis,the effect of the combination of seed soaking and spraying on the content of mineral elements in kidney bean grains was greater than that of selenium soaking and selenium spraying.The effect of increasing the content of mineral elements in kidney beans grains is best under the selenium soaking seed J2,foliar spraying selenium P3,and the combination between seed soaking and selenium spraying J2P2.In summary,by calculating the membership function averages of various indexes of kidney beans under different selenium application treatments,it can be concluded that: selenium soaking seed 15 mg·L-1,foliar spraying selenium 45 g·hm-2,the combination of seed soaking and selenium spraying 15 mg·L-1,45g·hm-2 have the best effect. |
PDF Full Text Request