The Research About The Effects Of Different Nitrogen Fertilization Treatments On The Yield Of Wheat And The Content Of Wheat Straw Protein

The wheat is the main food in North China.It’s an important target that improve wheat yields through fertilization.But few people care about the quality and utilization.of wheat stalks.In this paper,to investigate the appropriate rate of nitrogen application and reaching high yield of wheat in North China,the effect of different fertilization on wheat yield and straw quality were studied at two important growth stages of wheat,i.e.the jointing stage and heading stage.Jimai 22 and Liangxing 66,which are commonly cultivated in North China,were selected in the Hejian and Jinghai experimental field,in 2015 and 2016 respectively,which provides a theoretical basis for the reasonable fertilization of wheat in north China.The main results were as follows:(1)The contents of wheat straw protein were significantly increased by different nitrogen fertilizer application treatments in both jointing and heading stages.When applying the fertilizer in the jointing stage,the content of wheat straw protein was significantly increased at all nitrogen fertilizer application rates,with the N applications of 500 kg/hm2,the content of wheat straw protein reached the maximum.However,when the fertilizer were applied in the heading stage,the content of wheat straw protein reached the maximum with the application rate of 500kg/hm2,respectively,in Hejian and Jinghai.Therefore,the application of nitrogen fertilizer in different periods according to the growth of wheat can significantly alter the content of wheat straw protein.(2)The yield of wheat was increased by different nitrogen fertilizer application treatments in both jointing and heading stages,even though the difference was not statistically significant.In jointing stage,different nitrogen fertilization showed significant effects on the spike weight and seed weight,while showed no effects on 1000-grain weight.When the fertilizers were applied in the jointing stage,the spike and seed weight reached the maximum with the nitrogen application rate of 700kg/hm2 both in Hejian and Jinghai.For the application of nitrogen fertilizer in the heading stage treatment,significant differences were observed in the spike weight of wheat in different regions,while there was no significant difference on the 1000-grain weight and seed weight.In addition,the effects of different application rates of fertilization at jointing stage and heading stage on the panicle weight and the grain dry weight were similar to those of 1000-grain weight,within significant difference within different treatments.(3)The plant height,stem diameter,spike length and spikelet number are considered to be the agronomic traits of wheat,which were not significantly influenced by the nitrogen application in either jointing stage or heading stage.Therefore,different nitrogen fertilizer(urea)rate could increase the content of straw protein significantly,with limiting effects on the wheat yield and other agronomic traits.In conclusion,in Hejian and Jinghai,the protein content of wheat reached maximum with the nitrogen application rate of 500kg/hm2 in the jointing and heading stage,respectively.Meanwhile,the yield and agronomic traits of wheat maintained the value.