Effects Of Silicon Conditioner Application On Soil Physical And Chemical Properties And Rice Yield Under Dry Direct Seeding Cultivation

Rice belongs to crops like silicon,silicon has an irreplaceable role in the growth and development of rice,belongs to the water shortage in tianjin region of cities and most of the agricultural cultivated land belongs to the saline land,this experiment selects the cultivation of rice drought broadcast way by adding silicon conditioner and set different seems to study the application of silicon conditioner on soil physical and chemical properties,the influence law of rice yield,nitrogen and phosphorus migration,and live more dry cultivation mode and conventional transplanting mode applying silicon conditioner on yield,nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient migration,salt ion migration and the impact of nutrient absorption.Taking 201 jin of rice as experiment material,selects the field trials,by the method of silicon conditioner all base silicon conditioner respectively according to the 0,45,90,135 kg Si O2 / hm2 four seems to do the test,then respectively at the tillering and booting stage of rice,determination of each layer soil sample was taken at the maturing stage,and mature rice harvest to compute the yield of rice samples.The results are as follows:(1)adding silicon conditioner can significantly improve soil physical properties and soil structure.After the addition of different dosage of silicon conditioner,the soil bulk density in the rice maturity period ranged from 1.35 to 1.38 g/cm3,which was significantly improved compared with the 1.44 g/cm3 in the blank treatment,and the reduction rate was 4.44% to 6.35%.The treatment with a dosage of 135 kg/hm2 had the most significant improvement in the field water holding capacity at the mature stage of rice.The treatment with dosage of 135kg/hm2 had the most significant effect on improving the fractal dimension of surface soil particle size distribution in the mature stage of rice.(2)addition of silicon conditioner also has a positive effect on improving chemical properties of surface soil.The effect on the soil chemical characteristics at the maturity stage of rice was shown as follows: when the dosage of silicon conditioner was 135 kg/hm2,the soil effective silicon content significantly increased by 20.90% compared with the blank treatment.There was no significant relationship between the soil total silicon performance and the soil available silicon content.The soil total silicon content increased most significantly when the dosage was 90 kg/hm2,with the content of 616.18g/kg.Treatment with a dosage of 135 kg/hm2 had the most significant effect on improving the p H value of the originally alkaline soil,but at the same time this treatment also increased the salt content of the soil.The addition of silicon conditioner had no significant effect on soil total nitrogen,but when the dosage was 135 kg/hm2,the contents of soil organic matter,carbon nitrogen ratio and nitrate nitrogen Ⅳcould be significantly increased by 19.53%,32.25% and 164.74%,respectively,compared with the blank treatment.The performance of ammonium nitrogen was the most significant increase in the application of 90 kg/hm2 silicon conditioner.Adding silicon conditioner of soil p index point of view,the influence of applying low content of 45 kg/hm2,its content increased most significantly,the manifestation of the treatment for total phosphorus is blank treatment increased by 9.97%,the effective phosphorus is blank treatment increased by 24.87%,water soluble phosphorus is blank treatment increased by 43%,inorganic phosphorus forms classification of Ca2-p,Ca8-p,Al-p,Ca10-p are also seems to 45 kg/hm2 dealing with the highest levels of Fe-p for applying silicon conditioner can significantly increase the content of the but no significant relationship with surueyed,O-p showed that the addition of silicon conditioner had no significant effect on its content.At the same time,when the dosage was 45 and 90 kg/hm2,the content ratio of ca10-p in soil was reduced,and the content ratio of ca8-p and fe-p was increased,promoting the conversion of non-available phosphorus sources into slow-acting phosphorus sources in calcareic soil.(3)addition of silicon conditioner also had an effect on soil biological properties.Through the analysis of soil urease activity,phosphatase activity,soil microbial biomass carbon and soil microbial biomass nitrogen contents at the maturity stage of rice,it can be seen that the soil urease activity,soil microbial biomass carbon,soil microbial biomass nitrogen contents increased the most when the dosage was 135kg/hm2,increasing 74.26%,88.59% and 29.02%,respectively.Soil phosphatase showed a significant increase in activity when the dosage was 45 kg/hm2 and 135 kg/hm2,with increases of 21.30% and 19.42%,respectively.(4)addition of silicon conditioner will also affect the migration of soil ions and nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients.By analyzing the soil sample conditions at different levels during the rice maturity stage and the booting stage,it can be concluded that the application amounts of 90 kg/hm2 and 135 kg/hm2 will promote the migration of hydrogen ions to the lower layer,and the addition of silicon conditioner will also keep the total salt ions in the surface layer.In terms of nitrogen and phosphorus migration,the application of silicon conditioner of 135 kg/hm2 has obvious inhibition on soil nitrate migration.The application of 90 kg/hm2 and 135 kg/hm2 can effectively prevent the migration of soil available phosphorus to the deep layer.Live in dry cultivation mode and conventional transplanting cultivation are shown under two kinds of ways,si conditioner less silicon conditioner processing,significantly increase biomass,yield and nutrient uptake,and inhibit the effect of phosphorus removal in the direction of depth migration,but there are applying silicon conditioner will aggravate the phenomenon of deep salt ions to transfer;On the other hand,through the comparison of the two cultivation methods,the nitrogen absorption amount of the dry direct-seeding cultivation under the same silicon treatment is less,but the migration degree of nitrogen,phosphorus nutrient and salt ion is less than that of the conventional transplanting cultivation method,and the economic effect is more prominent.Integrated in full,live in dry cultivation mode add silicon conditioners can significantly improve the soil structure,nutrient transformation,applying effect in the best of all,the high amount of content,to the improvement of soil physical and chemical properties and the improvement of rice yield has the effect of positive direction,and at the same time can also reduce the risk of deep soil nutrient to migration.In addition,there was no significant difference in yield and total biomass between the dry direct cultivation and the conventional transplanting culture,and compared with the conventional transplanting culture,the dry direct cultivation was more prominent in nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient migration risks and economic benefits.