| Walnut anthracnose is a fungal disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides,which causes the leaves of the walnut to appear to be scorched,and brown to dark brown spots appear on the peel.The whole fruit turns black and the inner fruit rots.At the same time,it also harms the young shoots.When the disease is serious,a large number of green fruits can fall off,resulting in loss of yield,which is an important disease in the current walnut production.It is of great significance to improve the disease resistance of walnuts and screen out the fungicides for the prevention and control of walnut anthracnose.This study by comparing the effect of different fertilizer proportion of walnut physical growth,combined with chemical control methods,using different combinations of reagents to test the virulence of anthracnose bacteria and the efficacy test of Atailing（oligosaccharide-chain protein）.The field control trial aims to screen out high-efficiency fertilizer ratios and fungicides for effective prevention and control of anthrax,and provide a scientific basis for creating green,safe and efficient fertilizers.The main results are as follows:1.Comparison and screening of fertilizers with different proportionsPotted plant fertilization experiments,after comparing different treatments of walnut physical growth situation,found that has a relatively good effects on Tie walnut physical growth for T1（N:P:K=5:2:2）,average growth in plant height is 25.3 cm,the average net photosynthetic rate reached 13.24μmol·m-2·s-1,the highest chlorophyll content was 1.94 mg·g-1,total nitrogen and total potassium content were 16.30 g/kg and 17.58 g/kg;T1（N:P:K=5:2:2）and T2（N:P:K=9:6:5）had relatively good effects on the physiological growth of Xiangling walnut.The average plant height growth was 26.1 cm,the average net photosynthetic rate reached 12.57μmol·m-2·s-1,the chlorophyll content was up to 1.46 mg·g-1,the total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium content were higher than the control,reaching 16.40 g/kg,1.59 g/kg and 15.32 g/kg respectively.2.Virulence test and screening of fungicidesThree kinds of fungicides were selected to carry out the indoor toxicity test on anthrax pecans,and the results showed that:prochloraz and tebuconazole oxime*had the strongest inhibitory effect on mycelial growth,with the inhibitory rate of 89.23%and 70.92%,respectively.Tebuconazole had the weakest inhibitory effect,with the inhibitory rate of 38.24%.3.Study on the control effect of AtailingThe total active ingredient of Atailing is 6%oligosaccharide-chain protein,which can improve crop resistance and control effect by mixing the plant activator protein with amino-oligosaccharin.The results showed that the control effect gradually increased with the increase of the concentration of Atailing,and the control effect was not significantly different when the concentration of Atailing was 0.1 g·L-1,0.2 g·L-1 and 0.5 g·L-1.When the concentration of Atailing was more than 1 g·L-1,the control effect was higher than 75%,and the best control effect was 80%when the concentration of Atailing was 1 g·L-1.4.Field control of walnut anthraxAccording to the selected fertilizers and combinations into five formulas for field experiment,the results showed that the combination of walnut stick fertilizer+Atailing+prochloraz had the best effect on the prevention and treatment of walnut anthracnose.The lowest index was 20.2,and the highest relative inhibition rate was 41.88%.Combined with the influence of concentration,the most suitable formula in this experiment is:170 g/plant of walnut stick fertilizer+1 g/L of Atailing solution+40%prochloraz aqueous emulsion 2000times liquid. |
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