| Myrica rubra is a famous fruit tree in China.So far,the cultivation area of M.reaches 400,000 hm2 in the worldwide.The area of China accounts for 99%.M.rubra is an ecological and economical tree for water and soil conservation.The plantation of M.rubra can effectively intercept rainwater to reduce erosion.The mycorrhiza of M.rubra can fix nitrogen.M.rubra was used for soil erosion management in Changting County,Fujian Province.It has effectively improved the local ecological environment and increased income for fruit farmers.However,there are several problems,such as the low coverage on the ground,the large nutrient output,the serious loss of available soil nutrients.This leads to the very low production and the bad palate of fruits.The yield and quality of M.rubra are urgently needed to be improved.Based on understanding the cultivation situation of M.rubra in Changting County,and analyzing the soil nutrient,M.rubra cv.DongKui is employed as material in this study.After nutrient compensation,the productivity and fruit quality of M.rubra are determined.The soil nutrient response under forest are studied.Finally,the optimal formula of nutrient compensation is selected.This study provides technical support for the development and utilization of the local industry of M.rubra.The results are as follows:(1)Nutrient compensation for M.rubra can significantly increase the yield,so that the application of microbial fertilizer can best increase the yield and economic benefits of M.rubra,followed by the application of mixed fertilizer of microbe and phosphate,and the average yield increased by 64.1%and 32.7%respectively compared with the control without fertilization;The application of phosphorus fertilizer was second to the improvement of yield,and the average yield was only 13.4%higher than that of non-fertilization control.In the past,the compound fertilizer applied by the fruit farmers was not obvious to increase the yield of M.rubra.After fertilization,the edible rate and the fruit rate of the plant products increased by 3.23～3.89%and 1.87～2.94%respectively.(2)The effect of applying mixed fertilizer of microbe and phosphate to increase the average fruit weight of the fruit is the most obvious.The average single fruit weight is the highest,which is 17.73 g,followed by the application of phosphorus fertilizer.The average single fruit weight is 17.16 g,which is 9.99%higher than that of fertilization.6.45%;The effect of single application fertilizer on increasing the average fruit weight was not obvious,only 3.67%higher than that of non-fertilization.The application of compound fertilizer has no obvious effect on increasing the weight of single fruit.The effect of application mixed fertilizer of microbe and phosphate on increasing the size of fruit was the most obvious.The longitudinal diameter and horizontal diameter of fruit increased by 3.61%and 3.90%respectively than that of non-fertilization.Followed by phosphorus fertilizer,the longitudinal diameter and horizontal diameter increased by 3.13%and 3.79%respectively.Nutrient compensation had no significant effect on the fruit shape index of M.rubra.The application of compound fertilizer can significantly reduce the kernel weight,which is 12.6%lower than that of non-fertilization.The effect of application fertilizer was the second,which was 9.2%lower than that of non-fertilization;The effect of application of phosphate fertilizer and application mixed fertilizer of microbe and phosphate on reducing the average kernel fruit weight of M.rubra,which was not obvious.(3)Through nutrient compensation for M.rubra,the content of fruit soluble solids,total sugar,reducing sugar,protein,vitamin C,vitamin E,potassium,and calcium of M.rubra can be increased,and the effect of reducing the total acid content in the fruit can be achieved.Significant difference level,However,there is no obvious significance for increasing the content of selenium in fruit.The application of compound fertilizer was the best for improving the content of fruit soluble solids,total sugar,reducing sugar,and protein of M.rubra,which increased by 6.35%,19.8%,10.9%,and 20%respectively compared with non-fertilization.The effect of reducing the total acid content in the fruit was the most significant,and the total acid content was 31.7%lower than that of non-fertilization.The application of phosphorus fertilizer was the best for improving fruit vitamin C and vitamin E content in M.rubra,which increased by 11.9%and 20%respectively.The effect of application mixed fertilizer of microbe and phosphate on increasing the content of fruit potassium and calcium mineral elements of M.rubra was the best,which increased by 21.4%and 11.4%respectively.(4)Soil fertility can be increased through nutrient compensation.The application of bacterial fertilizer is the most obvious to increase the content of organic matter,total phosphorus,rapid nitrogen,quick-impact phosphorus and quick-impact potassium in the soil.The application of phosphorus fertilizer can increase the content of quick-impact phosphorus and quick-impact potassium in the soil.Application mixed fertilizer of microbe and phosphate can increase the content of total potassium,rapid nitrogen and quick potassium in soil.After the results of bayberry trees,the content of soil quick-impact phosphorus in the 0～20cm and 20～40cm soil layers was only 7.18 mg·kg-1,5.28 mg·kg-1,and the effect of fertilizer on high-speed phosphorus content was the most obvious.The available phosphorus content in 0～20cm and 20～40cm soil layers was 48.26 mg·kg-1,29.85 mg·kg-1,respectively,572.1%and 465.3%higher than that of non-fertilization groups.In conclusion,all nutrient compensation methods in this study can improve the fruit productivity and quality of M.rubra.They can also improve the soil fertility.The effect of mixed fertilizer of microbe and phosphate is the most remarkable. |
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