| Vigorously promoting the development of electric vehicles and distributed energy is one of the important ways to achieve peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality.As a kind of mobile electric load,electric vehicles have both load characteristics and power source characteristics.Due to the advantages of rapid response,on-site compensation,low carbon emission and good economic property,electric vehicles can participate in the electricity market.With the gradual increasing proportion of new energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind turbines in the distribution network,the distribution network is no longer a fragile system that passively receives electricity and completely depends on the large power grid.However,at present,there are few studies on the collaborative optimization of electric vehicles and new energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind turbines.There are more studies on the interaction between electric vehicles and the traditional power grids.With the urgent requirement to construct a green and efficient power grid as well as the new challenges to the security and stability of the power grid caused by the development of electric vehicles and renewable energy,it is pressing to build a dispatching mechanism for the coordinated development of electric vehicles and renewable energy sources.Such a mechanism can help provide guidelines for the orderly charging and discharging of electric vehicles.This thesis conducts a preliminary research,and mainly completes the following works:Initially,the factors which affect the charging loads of electric vehicles are analyzed.The disorderly charging cases of electric vehicles are modelled,Monte Carlo simulation is used to generate the charging curves of electric vehicles in the set disorderly charging cases.The above works lay the foundation for the subsequent model establishment.Then,an economic scheduling model for the coordinated optimization of electric vehicles and photovoltaics is proposed.Assuming that the electric vehicles can be allocated and discharged to the power grid.The objective function is to minimize operating costs of the industrial park under three scenarios,in the first scenario,electric vehicles in the industrial park are charged disorderly,and the renewable energy units aren’t connected to the system.In the second scenario,electric vehicles in the industrial park are charged disorderly,and the renewable energy units in the park are connected to the system.In the third scenario,electric vehicles in the industrial park are charged in an orderly manner,and the renewable energy units in the park are connected to the system.The simulation results show that under this economic dispatch strategy,the electric vehicles act as storage devices for electricity price and electric energy and reduce the peak-to-valley difference of the system and the operating costs of the industrial park.Finally,a low-carbon scheduling model for the coordinated optimization of electric vehicles and photovoltaics is proposed.The carbon emissions of the industrial parts and the transportation parts of the industrial park are verified firstly,which points out that the carbon emissions of the two parts are related to the proportion of renewable energy sources in the energy consumption.Then,the optimization simulation is carried out with the objective function of minimizing the carbon emissions including the industrial parts and the transportation parts of the industrial park.The results show that when aiming at the lowest carbon dioxide emissions,the electric vehicles act as storage devices for low-carbon electric energy.When the penetration rate of renewable energy is high,the vehicles charge,on the contrary,they discharge to the system.Such strategy promotes the further consumption of renewable energy in the park and reduces the emission of carbon dioxide emissions. |
