Calculation Method And Experimental Study Of Parasitic Power Of Wheel Loader

China has coordinated the development situation at home and abroad and made a strategic decision to achieve carbon peaking by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060.In this context,carbon emission regulations are becoming increasingly stringent,and energy saving and emission reduction has become one of the main goals of the development of engineering vehicles.Traditional loaders have high fuel consumption and high emission pollution,while electric loaders are gradually favored by the market in view of their cleanness and efficiency.Both traditional loaders and electrically driven loaders have parasitic power caused by uncoordinated motion.Parasitic power will aggravate tire wear and make vehicles generate additional energy consumption.In order to make the loader more energy-saving,in this paper,the following research on the parasitic power of loaders was carried out based on the project of National Natural Science Foundation of China（project number: 51875239）.The main contents are as follows:（1）The definition of parasitic power is given and its influencing factors are analyzed.The necessary and unnecessary parasitic power are distinguished and the concept of parasitic power is defined;the reasons why the centralized drive loader produces parasitic power are analyzed,for instance,the position of hinge point affects the steering radius of front and rear wheel,the change of vertical load affects the radius of front and rear wheel tire and ground conditions;the reason why distributed drive loader in speed control mode produces parasitic power is analyzed;the definition of parasitic power suitable for full configuration series loaders is given.（2）The generating mechanism of parasitic power is analyzed and its magnitude is calculated theoretically.The parameter “Parasitic Work at Wheel Rim” for quantitative calculation of parasitic power and the evaluation index "influence factor of parasitic power" for measuring the influence of parasitic power on vehicles are put forward,and the mechanism of parasitic power produced by centralized drive loader is analyzed deeply.The theoretical calculation formulas of parasitic power due to the difference of tire radius,steering radius and ground conditions are given respectively.After the analysis of the actual working conditions,the above three parts of parasitic power are superimposed,and finally the theoretical calculation formula of parasitic power under the actual working conditions is obtained.（3）The theoretical calculation formula of parasitic power is verified by experiments.The experimental test schemes of parasitic power caused by tire radius difference and steering radius difference are designed respectively;according to the experimental scheme,the field test is carried out,and the experimental data are collected;the original data are processed by eliminating the singular value and intercepting the steady-state data segment,and the experimental test results are obtained by quantitative statistics;the experimental results are analyzed to verify the correctness of calculation formula of parasitic power;the test results show that under specific operating conditions,the parasitic power can account for 45% of the total power of the vehicle,which brings a large energy loss to the vehicle.（4）The harm of parasitic power to loader is analyzed and the solution of parasitic power is put forward.For the centralized drive loader,it is suggested to reduce the parasitic power through selecting reasonable vehicle design parameters and applying differential mechanism;in order to avoid parasitic power,the design scheme of the front and rear axle independent electric drive loader is given to the distributed drive loader,including system configuration,selection of key components and drive control methods.In this paper,the reason of parasitic power produced by loader is analyzed,the theoretical calculating formula of parasitic power is given,and an experimental scheme is designed to verify the correctness of the formula.In addition,the solution to reduce parasitic power of centralized drive loader is introduced,and the design scheme of front and rear axle independent electric drive loader is given to avoid parasitic power,which provides a technical basis for the development of more energy-saving electric drive loader.