| The amount of water resources determines the quality of ecosystem community,and the ecological environment conditions jointly determine the complexity and diversity of ecosystem.Rational allocation of water resources is a crucial premise to ensure the normal operation of ecosystem,the stable development of social economy and ecological security.Qaidam basin as the famous"cornucopia"in our country,is an important growth pole of social and economic development of qinghai province,with the rapid development of economy of qaidam basin,qaidam basin water gradually to be increasingly obvious trend,how to reasonably ensure life,the production,the ecological water use in harmony with the social and economic development is very urgent to solve the problem in the next period.This study takes Xiangride River Basin in Qaidam Basin as the research object,carries out the research on the ecological water consumption of the basin,and provides the technical guarantee for the coordinated development of ecological environment protection and social economy as well as the efficient utilization of water resources in Qaidam Basin.This study by collecting meteorological,hydrological,land use,social economy and relevant data,and pass on xiang river basin in grassland,forest,farmland,marshes rump of in situ experimental study and observation of river water,through the analysis of calculated grassland,forests,fields,marshes and river ecological water consumption,Based on the area quota method,the 2015 quota and the 2021quota,the correlation analysis was carried out,and finally the ecological water consumption of Xiangride Watershed was obtained.On the basis of analyzing and summarizing the theories and research achievements of ecological water consumption at home and abroad,this paper studied the characteristics of water resources and the current situation of water consumption in xiangride River basin by means of literature analysis,in situ experiment and area quota.Through field experiments and relevant analysis,the following conclusions are drawn:（1）In 2021,the total water consumption of Xiangride River Basin in Qaidam Basin was1,122.3 million m~3,forest ecosystem was 0.15.4 million m~3,farmland ecosystem was 0.695million m~3,grassland ecosystem was 440.1 million m~3,and the tail of swamp,wetland and lake was 477.6 million m~3.The ecological base flow in the river is 0.918 million m~3,and the water consumption of sediment transport in the river is 17 million m~3.（2）In the forest ecosystem in 2021,the total water consumption of Sabina Przewalskii and Populus Simonii in the growing season was 302.5mm and 381.4mm respectively.The total water consumption of Populus alba in Xinjiang was 300.9mm in the growing season.The total water consumption of Stipa Capillata and Elymus dahuricus Turcz was 428.7mm,392.0mm and388.6mm,respectively,in the grassland ecosystem.In the farmland ecosystem,the water consumption of wheat（Triticum aestivum L）,Hordeum vulgare L and rape（Brassica napus）were 436.8mm,372.6mm and 372.6mm respectively during the growing period L)during the growth period,the water consumption is 392.5mm.（3）According to the area quota and water consumption quota,the water consumption of forestland,grassland and farmland in 2015 was 0.15.4 million m~3,44.1 million m~3and 0.85million m~3respectively.Forestland,grassland and farmland will use 0.15.4 million m~3of water,661.5 million m~3of water and 0.849 million m~3of water in 2021.Contrast analysis of the measured water consumption in 2021 and 2015,2021,amount of water quota found water consumption of forest ecosystem,grassland ecosystem of the quota values higher than the actual water consumption,the fixed value of farmland ecosystem is higher than the actual water consumption,through the quota value is higher than the actual value,it can be found that the allocation of ecological water consumption increases continuously... |
