| The global energy shortage and environmental pollution promote the rapid development of electric vehicles(EVs),but the configuration of charging infrastructure limits its process,especially in the load aggregation area such as residential area.The time characteristic of power load is so strong that the EV charging facilities often stay in two extreme states: insufficient and idle.And large-scale access of EVs will bring great load fluctuations to residential distribution networks.It is necessary to configure EV charging facilities in the residential areas,and furthermore,electric vehicles can be connected to the power grid through reasonable control or guidance to cooperate with the demand response.Therefore,taking EVs in residential areas as the research subject,this paper built the architecture and configuration of shared charging facilities for multiple demands,and studied the shared charging strategy for EVs.Firstly,considering the limitations of EV charging facilities in residential areas,the architecture of EV charging facilities in residential areas is built to meet the multiple demands of load aggregators,distribution networks and owners,etc.According to the service objects,charging facilities are divided into two types: dedicated for residential cars only and shared by social EVs,which are both equipped with slow and fast charging piles.Then based on the concept of edge computing,the edge computing framework is built for basic electric equipment and charging piles of EVs in residential areas,and the information interaction surface model is also established.Secondly,based on the architecture,the optimal configuration of EV charging facilities in residential areas is carried out.The configuration process of EV charging facilities considering ‘timespace-type’ is proposed.Optimal configuration models are respectively established with the goal of optimizing the economy of load aggregators and the charging satisfaction of car owners aiming at the two types of charging facilities in the architecture.At last,an example is used to verify the feasibility of the proposed charging facility configuration structure and strategy.Thirdly,a two-layer optimization charging strategy for residential areas facing multiple demands is studied.A two-layer optimization charging model is built.In the upper layer,the orderly charging optimization strategy model is established for residential charging facilities which obtains the dayahead charging plan of residential EVs with the goal of maximizing the response to power grid demand.In the lower layer,the electricity price guidance model is established for the network sharing charging facilities which takes the setting of electricity price as the control measure to guide the social EVs with charging needs,so as to meet the charging demand and bring economic benefits to the load aggregator.By integrating the upper and lower models and taking the power load as the related factor,the global optimization is achieved through continuous iteration.At the same time,the orderly charging strategy exclusive to residents and the price guidance strategy oriented to social sharing are obtained respectively.An example is used to verify that the proposed strategy can better meet the multiple demands of charging behavior in residential areas.Finally,in order to improve the consumption of new energy,the photovoltaic energy storage system is added to the charging infrastructure architecture.The control strategy of photovoltaic energy storage system as well as the charging strategy of EV and multi-resource coordination are studied.The configuration of the photovoltaic energy storage capacity is determined and the photovoltaic output is fitted.In addition,the principles and procedures for optimizing operation strategy of photovoltaic energy storage system are proposed.Then,based on the two-layer optimization model of residential EVs for multiple demands,the influence of photovoltaic system participation on the model is considered from two aspects of load and economy.The calculation example shows the operation control results of the photovoltaic energy storage system and the charging strategy of EVs.Compared with the case in the previous chapter without considering photovoltaic energy storage system,the economy of load aggregator and the response effect to the target of power grid are analyzed to verify the necessity and superiority of the participation of photovoltaic energy storage system. |
