Design And Implementation Of A Feathered Bionic Flapping-Wing Aerial Vehicle

Birds achieve their flexible flight in complex environment by multi-morphic changes of wings,and bionic flapping-wing aerial vehicle is a aircraft that can imitate the changes of wing movement of birds or insects.At present,most of domestic and international researches are designed with single-degree-of-freedom flapping-wing aerial vehicle that imitate insects.There is little research on flapping-wing aerial vehicle with multi-degree-of-freedom wing deformation.Compared with single-degree-of-freedom flapping-wing aircraft,the structural design and implementation of multi-degree-of-freedom flapping-wing aircraft are more complex,but it exhibit better bionic performance and efficient maneuverability,and have broad application prospects in both civil and military applications.In this paper,a feathered wing-powered bionic flapping-wing aerial vehicle is designed with large birds as the bionic object.The bionic structural design,aerodynamic characteristics analysis and flight test of the flapping-wing aerial vehicle are carried out.The specific research contents are as follows:The mechanism of natural bird wing motion is analyzed,and the bionic size parameters are determined by the scaling law formula.Based on the vector method,the motion trajectory equations are established,the motion simulation is carried out,and the wing structure utilizing a folding-flapping is designed to realize two degrees of freedom of the wing motion;on the basis of it,the feathered-wing is designed to replace the membrane wings of legacy flapping-wing aerial vehicles;other parts of the aircraft are designed bionically;the folding wing aircraft is designed and realized.A simulation model for the aerial vehicle is constructed,and the wing motion pattern is constructed according to the law of sharp return characteristics.A 3D aerodynamic simulation experiments is conducted.The effects of the initial wing angle,flutter frequency,incoming flow velocity and aspect ratio on the aerodynamic characteristics of the wing were determined.Quantitative data are provided for the design and optimization of the flapping-wing aerial vehicle structure.Finally,the prototype of the flapping-wing aerial vehicle is equipped with flight control system.The field test were conducted to realize the flapping-wing aerial vehicle to adjust the flight attitude autonomously at high altitude,maintain smooth flight and land safely,and analyze the flight data of the aircraft to determine the flight stability of the aircraft qualitatively and quantitatively.The simulation and filed test results verify the effectiveness and good flight capability of the bionic flapping-wing aircraft structure designed and realized by this paper,and the new feather wing designed has important theoretical and practical significance for the implementation of multi-degree-of-freedom deformation of wing mechanism.