Research On Rail Wear Measurement Method And Application Based On 2D Laser Displacement Sensor

With the vigorous development and rapid progress of my country’s railway system,railway transportation has become the main artery of national economic development.The long-term friction and impact between the wheel and the rail will cause huge loss of the rail,causing the rail surface to appear irregularities,brittle cracks,falling off,fat edges and other diseases,which seriously affect the smooth running of the railway,so high precision and high efficiency are required.The rail wear measurement method is used to ensure the safety of railway transportation.This article first introduces the common rail wear measurement methods at home and abroad,focusing on the detailed analysis of the laser image method and the laser displacement method.It is found that in the actual measurement of the laser image method,the shaking of the equipment caused by the track irregularity will cause the camera to be repeated.Calibration and the calibration work is complicated,which will reduce the measurement accuracy.To solve this problem,a method for rail wear measurement based on 2D laser displacement sensor is proposed,and the proposed measurement method is discussed and researched.Through the establishment of an experimental environment and The real environment dual platform has been verified and tested.The algorithm part of this paper first introduces the relative position of the 2D laser displacement sensor and the measured rail.The original profile data of the rail is measured by the linear laser sent and received by the sensor.The collected profile data is analyzed and it is found that most of the collected profile contains noise and interference points.,So it needs to be subjected to a series of rail profile pretreatment.The preprocessing algorithms include contour splitting and removal of sparse outliers,contour merging and regional unevenness test,rough matching and track waist similarity test based on one-way Hausdorff distance,original contour re-registration,effective removal of outliers,and point compensation.Then,according to the application scenarios applied to the milling car,the relevant calculation methods of the section accuracy and the milling amount are given.In this paper,the proposed algorithm is actually applied to wear measurement on milling locomotives.First,the overall design of the hardware and software of the rail wear measurement platform is proposed.In order to allow users to simply and conveniently call the functions,the core contour processing functions are encapsulated.Secondly,when the rail wear measurement platform is running,the left and right 2D laser displacement sensors are externally triggered by the photoelectric encoder to collect the rail profile data.The photoelectric encoder rotates with the wheels,and the collected data is transmitted to the processor through the gigabit network cable.The upper computer uses the studied budget method to distinguish and process,and the rail profile can be presented on the software interface in real time.Finally,the function test of the rail wear measurement platform based on the 2D laser displacement,the verification of the pre-processing discrimination method,and the accuracy test of the rail wear measurement method are carried out.The experimental results show that the method effectively recognizes the normal rail profile and meets the technical index requirements of the actual measurement platform.