Research On Radiation Source Location Technologies Of UAV Based On Data Fusion

With the rapid development of the UAVs industry,how to solve the potential safety hazards caused by the abuse of UAVs and adopt effective prevention and control supervision methods in the low-altitude area,taking full account of the urgent needs of UAVs in various fields,the realization of air-ground integrated monitoring system fusion of multiple bands and multiple monitoring sensors has become an urgent problem in the field of low-altitude defense in various countries at this stage.Being able to detect and locate UAVs is a prerequisite for effective supervision and countermeasures of UAVs.However,because UAVs are usually small,flexible,complex,and relatively slow,they only use existing photoelectric,sound,and radar positioning methods.There are obvious shortcomings,and the positioning method based on radio signals is more suitable for positioning the UAV radiation source.In this paper,a variety of data fusion methods are used to target small UAV targets,combined with passive time difference positioning technology,to solve the problems of low accuracy and poor applicability of the existing UAV positioning system.The main research contents and results are as follows:1.In-depth research on the communication methods of UAVs,and analysis of the communication frequency,mode,bandwidth and communication distance often used in UAV communication.Through the collection and analysis of the signals of the existing UAVs in the laboratory,the feasibility and advantages of using the time difference of arrival(TDOA)in passive positioning to locate the UAVs are verified.Then,a comprehensive study and analysis of the relevant theories of multi-station passive TDOA technology.First of all,on the basis of studying UAV signals,the method of time estimation in the TDOA positioning system is briefly discussed.Based on this,the TDOA positioning model is established,and its principle and purpose are analyzed.After that,the classic solution of time difference positioning is explained and analyzed.Finally,through the simulation analysis of the accuracy and influencing factors of the TDOA the layout of the sensor receiving station in the actual positioning is discussed.2.Aiming at the actual situation of the complicated and difficult TDOA positioning technology to locate moving targets,a geometric positioning and tracking algorithm for TDOA based on adaptive unscented particle filter is proposed.First of all,in view of the complicated solution of the existing time difference positioning method,a solution method based on the geometric configuration of the time difference hyperbola intersection point is proposed.Then,based on the geometric solution combined with the movement characteristics of the UAV target,an adaptive unscented particle filter positioning and tracking algorithm model is established.Finally,the effectiveness of the method in a variety of scenarios is verified through simulation experiments,and the estimation error of the algorithm is analyzed and studied.3.Aiming at the reality of the existing passive positioning system for multi-UAV target,there is a large amount of redundant data,but the accuracy is not high,and the multi-target cannot be effectively distinguished.An improved method for the expectation maximization positioning system based on data fusion is proposed.First,an expectation maximization algorithm model suitable for positioning is deduced,and the positioning accuracy progress is theoretically analyzed.Then,through simulation experiments,it is verified that the method has good resolution and positioning accuracy for targets with multiple radiation sources.4.On the basis of the algorithm research in this paper,a set of TDOA positioning system of the research group was improved for the UAV target design,and the positioning effect was tested on the spot.The test results show that the positioning algorithm proposed in this paper can accurately locate stationary radiation sources and moving UAV targets with high positioning accuracy.