Research On Laser Precise Measurement Technology Of Blade

Aeroengine blade is the key core component of the aeroengine,because of the harsh working environment and the high distortion of the blade surface,its surface quality and shape accuracy affect the overall performance of the aeroengine.Efficient acquisition,accurate measurement and accurate judgment error of blade profile data are the key technologies to improve blade measurement accuracy and ensure the working performance and service life of aeroengine.Traditional detection methods have many problems,such as cumbersome operation,low measuring efficiency and inaccurate measurement results.Therefore,this subject has developed an efficient,fast and highly accurate precision aeronautical blade precision detection method and its detection equipment.Aiming at the problems existing in aeronautical blade measuring equipment,this subject researches a non-contact measuring method for aeronautical blade based on laser displacement sensor,develops and designs corresponding measuring equipment and control software,which can efficiently and accurately determine the manufacturing error of blade processing.Based on the research of contact measuring method,this subject designs a non-contact measuring device,which mainly consists of X,Y,Z three-line guide rail,C-axis rotary table,laser displacement sensor,control system,etc.At the same time,the motion control program is written by VB and MATLAB,and the error judgment is made on the measurement results.In this paper,the research status of Aeronautical blade profile measurement technology,measurement path planning,measurement data registration and the development direction of blade profile detection technology in recent years are introduced,the shortcomings of contact measurement method are analyzed,and a method of non-contact laser precision measurement of Aeronautical blade is put forward.For important parameters of front and rear edge of blade type,a least square method based on constraints is proposed for arc fitting.For path planning of laser scanning measurement,path planning based on B-spline curve interpolation optimization and measuring point distribution based on chord height tolerance method combined with equal step length are proposed to optimize the measuring point distribution,ensuring that the measuring path and measuring point change with the change of blade curvature.An improved ICP registration algorithm is proposed to improve the registration accuracy.The theoretical contour and measurement contour of aerospace blades are compared to obtain the judgment results of the contour error and position error of the blades.During the research process of this subject,a set of contact-less laser blade measuring device was built to measure the airplane blade of a known model,and a series of error results were obtained through calculation and analysis,which conformed to the allowable range of machining and manufacturing error accuracy,thus verifying the accuracy and rationality of measurement method and corresponding algorithm design,and providing a feasible method for airplane blade non-contact measuring technology.