Study On Pyrolysis And Combustion Characteristics Of Typical Automotive Interior Materials

Automobile is the main means of transportation for modern people,but the internal space of automobile is relatively narrow.Once an accident occurs,it is very easy to cause fire,resulting in serious consequences.Automotive interior materials are one of the main reasons for the occurrence and spread of automotive fires.They have the characteristics of high heat release,high temperature,large smoke and strong toxicity,resulting in casualties and property losses.In order to understand the fire risk of automotive interior materials,the pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of automotive interior materials were studied in this paper.In this paper,four commonly used automotive interior materials(glass fiber PP,PC/ABS alloy,PU elastomer and PVC artificial leather)are selected as the research object.Thermogravimetric experiments are carried out by using experimental instruments such as thermogravimetric analyzer to study the pyrolysis characteristics of typical automotive interior materials by changing the heating rate and ambient atmosphere;Using cone calorimeter and other experimental instruments,combustion experiments were carried out by changing the external heating radiation intensity conditions to further study the combustion characteristics of typical automotive interior materials.The thermogravimetric experiments showed that the increase of heating rate inhibited the pyrolysis degree of PVC artificial leather,and the residue rate increased from 14.73%to 34%,which had little effect on the residue of the other three materials.The kinetic analysis of the pyrolysis process of four typical automotive interior materials in nitrogen atmosphere is carried out by Kissinger method to determine the reaction activation energy.It is obtained that among the four materials,the minimum reaction activation energy of PU elastomer is 30.3 kJ/mol,which is the most prone to pyrolysis process and its thermal stability is poor.The combustion experiment shows that with the increase of external heating radiation intensity,the ignition time of the material decreases,and the mass loss rate,heat release rate and CO and CO2 production rate of the material increase.Through the linear correlation between combustion parameters and external heating radiation flux,the critical heat radiation intensity of PVC artificial leather is the smallest,which is 16.12 kW/m2;The theoretical combustion heat of glass fiber PP is the largest,which is 53.563 MJ/kg.Through the study on the fire risk of materials,it is concluded that the four materials belong to high risk level.Among them,PVC artificial leather has the highest fire growth coefficient and fire performance index,which is most likely to cause fire;The CO production rate of PC/ABS alloy is the highest,which is 0.027 g·s-1;The CO2 production rate of PU elastomer was the highest,which was 0.737 g·s-1;Glass fiber PP has the highest heat release rate and total heat release in fire,which is most easy to accelerate the spread and spread of fire.The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the selection of automotive interior materials and fire safety.Figure 29 Table 25 Reference 70...