| The simulation research about mixed traffic of pedestrians and vehicles is one of the hot spot today,witch results can be used to analyze the behavior of pedestrians and vehicles,provide reference for management of mixed traffic.Among many simulation methods,the simulation based on cellular automata can custom the action of pedestrians and vehicles,simulate the behavior of pedestrians and vehicles under different factors,which is a widely used simulation method.However,most of the researches based on cellular automata at home and abroad are simple mixed traffic scenes such as single lane.The simulation model they established are also primary,so the research conclusions are difficult to be applied in complex scenes.In this paper,we select the commercial underground parking lot as the simulation scene which is widely used.The interactions between pedestrians and vehicles are very frequent.We summarized the behavior characteristics of pedestrians and vehicles by doing field investigation of commercial underground parking lot.We designed the simulation scene by referring to relevant specifications.We designed the moving model of pedestrians and vehicles by based on the principle of cellular automata.According to the pedestrian and vehicle flow of commercial underground parking lot in different periods of operation,the initial parameters of simulation are designed.On this basis,the simulation of normal operation and emergency evacuation is carried out.By analyzing the phenomena and results of the simulation,the conclusions are as follows:(1)The actual commercial underground parking lot is investigated.We summarized the scene characteristics and the behavior characteristics of the pedestrians and vehicles:Commercial underground parking lot is composed of multiple fire zones.Commercial underground parking lot have some scene different features from the above ground parking lot witch will affect the behavior of pedestrians and vehicles.The behavior characteristics of pedestrians and vehicles in commercial underground parking lot can be divided into three parts: vehicle driving characteristics,pedestrian movement characteristics and human vehicle interaction characteristics.(2)The simulation program were write based on the principle of cellular automata.The program takes a single fire compartment in the commercial underground parking lot as the simulation scene,which can simulate the normal pedestrian movement,pedestrian current behavior,vehicle following,vehicle meeting,vehicle interaction with parking space and the interaction between pedestrian and vehicles.The program can also output data and images of simulation.(3)By analyzing the simulation results of daily operation,we can know that in the commercial underground parking lot,the traffic jam in the lane is related to the flow of vehicles and pedestrians.The traffic jam can cause vehicles turn to other lanes.The delay of pedestrians’ pass and vehicles’ travel in the lane is related to the interaction between pedestrians and vehicles and the behavior of vehicles in parking spaces.As the number of pedestrians and vehicles increases,the risk of collision between pedestrians and vehicles also increases.The pedestrian and vehicle interaction in congested lane is more prone to dangerous situations than that in non congested lane.It can be considered to improve the daily operation of commercial underground parking lot by diverting vehicles,controlling the number of parking space sand other measures.(4)The simulation program defines the rules of human vehicle movement in the emergency evacuation of commercial underground parking lot,and carries out emergency evacuation simulation under different traffic volume of pedestrians and vehicles.By analyzing the data of simulation,we can know that the time of evacuation is related to the number of pedestrians who take the vehicle during evacuation and the traffic volume of pedestrians and vehicles.The number of dangerous situations is affected by the acceleration behavior of vehicles and the number of pedestrians and vehicles at the beginning of evacuation.The efficiency and safety of emergency evacuation can be improved by standardizing the behavior of pedestrians and vehicles and controlling the speed of the traffic flow during evacuation. |
