Research On The Impact Of Automated Driving System Failures On Public Response And User Experience

As a revolutionary technological innovation in transportation,automated vehicles(AVs)are being developed and deployed with the potential to reduce traffic crashes,increase mobility,and mitigate environmental pollution due to transport emission.However,the current selfdriving technology is not mature enough,and automated driving system(ADS)failure occur sometimes,which may affect public’s trust and user experience,thereby affecting their acceptance.Currently,there are few researches on ADS failures and most of them are carried out on simulators.In response to the above-mentioned problems,we conducted a field study confirmed the influences of ADS failures,such as seven responses,user experience,perceived usability and acceptance.First,a large number of literature reviews were conducted to compare and analyze the researches on AVs,automated driving trust,automated driving user experience and acceptance at home and abroad.Then developed an automated driving user experience data processing and analysis software with functions such as data entry,data statistics and data analysis.On this basis,two field studies were carried out,one is the impact of ADS failure on the user’s psychological response,the other is the impact of ADS failure on user experience.In the first study,we conducted a field study with a real Level 3 AV and a large-scale test track and invited participants(n = 261)as a passenger to experience the AV and an ADS failure(almost half of participants being exposed to this failure)in a more naturalistic driving environment.In the form of questionnaire surveys,the emotional responses before and after experiencing the AV are collected,and the data is analyzed using methods such as correlation analysis,covariance analysis,and T test.Witnessing an ADS failure caused participants’ reductions in six psychological responses to AVs and ADS(trust,positive affect,perceived usefulness and ease of use,attitude,and behavioral intention)and an increase in negative affect.This finding highlights the importance to mitigate the detrimental influences of the failures of ADS on its human driver.Trust repair deserves to be considered to maintain adequate humanmachine cooperation in AVs after ADS failures.In the second study,the impact of ADS failure on the user experience,the availability of the ADS and the willingness to ride are studied.Through covariance analysis,path analysis and mediation effect analysis,the feelings after experiencing the AV are tested.The study found that in both groups(normal and fault)participants had moderate positive experience and perceived usability but a high level of willingness to re-ride in our AV.The ADS failure reduced positive experience and perceived usability and increased negative experience.Positive experience and perceived usability,but not negative experience,influenced riding willingness and behavior intention.These findings also further illustrate the importance to mitigate the detrimental influences of the failures of ADS.This paper confirmed the negative impact of ADS failure through field research earlier in China,and constructed a model of the impact of ADS failure on acceptance,and pointed out the importance of reducing the hazards of ADS failure,Which provides a reference for the design and trust restoration of AV in human-computer interaction.