| Energy system is an important part of the city.While city’s energy demand is increasing,the environmental pollution and the imbalance between energy supply and demand are rising.Therefore,the demand for building urban energy systems with higher energy efficiency and more clean energy access is becoming more urgent.With the emergence of the concept of smart energy,the construction of urban smart energy systems for energy applications within the city has become a solution to urban energy problems.Also,the system architecture is a very important object of urban smart energy system research.Since the research on urban smart energy systems is generally in its infancy,and its detailed architectural design is seldom,the article proposes a cyber physical architecture and functional architecture of urban smart energy systems,and validates the proposed architecture through a functional application design.First of all,from the perspective of urban construction and experts,the connotation of urban smart energy system is studied,and the development needs of urban smart energy system from aspects of technical characteristics,functional requirements and performance requirements are summarized,based on which an urban smart energy system definition is proposed.Then,the existing representative energy system FREEDM system,Berkeley information-centric energy system and We-Energy system are studied and compared.Based on the connotation research and the existing energy system architecture research,also based on the CPS philosophy and CPS hierarchical theory,a smart terminal-energy management station-smart energy service platform three-tier structured urban smart energy system cyber-physical architecture is proposed.The architecture decision-making problem is solved using Pareto dominance,where a five-dimensional trade-off space for stability,safety,economy,efficiency and environmental protection is built,and the Pareto frontier architecture collection is obtained based on the results of the expert scoring.Further,the design of the three major CPS components,the smart terminal,energy management station,and smart energy service platform,is given under the guidance of CPS philosophy.According to the functional level requirements obtained from the research on connotation of the urban smart energy system,the functional architecture is designed to be composed of four major modules,which are energy system security,energy collaborative control,energy data service,and energy trading market.Also,functional architecture of urban smart energy system which matches the cyber-physical architecture is proposed.According to the proposed urban smart energy system functional modules,the functional elements that constitute the urban smart energy system functional architecture are sorted out,and the hierarchical structure of the functional elements is constructed based on the interpretative structural modeling method.On this basis,the coupling and collaborative characteristics of functional elements are analyzed.Finally,under the proposed urban smart energy system architecture,considering the orderly charging scenarios of electric vehicles in residential areas,a functional application under the urban smart energy system functional architecture is designed.Aiming at overcoming the shortcoming of the existing electric vehicle orderly charging algorithms that they do not have scalable wind power access capability,an orderly charging real-time control algorithm considering wind power consumption and wind power consumption scalability is proposed.Also,a numerical example is designed and a functional simulation is carried out based on it.The simulation result proves that the proposed charging control algorithm has effective wind power dissipation capabilities,and it also confirms the logical self-consistency of the urban smart energy system architecture which provides the platform. |
