Study On The Site Selection Optimization Of Miniature Fire Safety Station For Mega Project Construction Site Based On Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization

The reasonable layout of construction site of mega project is the premise and foundation of construction activities.The construction site of a mega project is characterized by complex environment and huge scale,and its layout is affected by many factors,such as construction organization and design,machinery and equipment,fire safety,civilized construction,etc.Therefore,the actual layout process should be considered comprehensively.In the construction site of mega projects,the fire safety management of the construction site is very difficult because of the complex units participating in the construction process,the incomplete firefighting facilities,the imperfect fire safety management system and the emergency rescue system,etc.At the same time,due to the large number of construction units and temporary facilities in the construction site of mega projects,once a fire occurs,the "domino effect" will cause a sharp increase in the severity of the consequences of fire accidents,resulting in heavy casualties and huge property losses,causing strong repercussions in the society.Therefore,it is an important guarantee for the fire safety of the construction site of the mega project to optimize the location of the micro-fire station.In order to improve the firefighting and rescue ability of mega project construction site,and aiming at the siting problem of micro-fire station in the construction site,this paper puts forward the optimization method of micro-fire station siting based on fire risk assessment on the basis of referring to the existing research results of urban(regional)fire station siting at home and abroad.This method firstly analyzes the characteristics of fire accidents on construction site and fire on construction site of mega projects,and selects an assessment method which can objectively reflect the fire risk situation on construction site of mega projects from many fire risk assessment methods: Fine Kinney method;Thus,the fire risk grade results of each construction unit and temporary facilities are obtained.Then,based on the multiobjective optimization theory,the set coverage model is selected and combined with the distance factors,time factors,economic factors and coverage factors that affect the location of micro fire stations,the optimization model of the location of micro fire stations in the construction site of mega projects is established.The model determines the number of fire stations by minimizing the construction cost,operation cost and total accident loss cost of fire stations in the region.Combined with the results of fire risk grade calculated by Fine Kinney method,the model considers that demand points of different risk levels have different response time and response distance.Secondly,the multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the model,and a set of optimal solutions from Pareto are obtained.Finally,TOPSIS method based on triangular fuzzy number is used to select the best site selection scheme from Pareto series solutions.This model combines the Fine Kinney fire risk assessment with the factors affecting the site selection of fire stations to optimize the site selection of micro-fire stations in the construction site of mega projects,improve the fire safety system in the construction site,and verify the feasibility and optimality of this method for the optimization of site selection of micro-fire stations in the construction site of mega projects.