Blockchain-enabled Electricity Trading Scheme And Optimal Design In Internet Of Vehicles

With the development and progress of energy market,distributed power system,energy storage and demand side response,electric vehicles are widely used in the world as an environmental protection substitute for traditional fuel vehicles.However,its comprehensive development is still facing many challenges and bottlenecks due to the problems of mileage and inconvenient charging.As a new charging mode,V2V(vehicle to vehicle)power transmission technology emerges as the times require,which is complementary to the traditional charging mode.However,V2 V energy trading involves many subjects,and the trading is relatively scattered.If the centralized trading mode is adopted,the system will face a single point of failure.In addition,considering the self-interest and autonomy of electric vehicle users,this paper designs a block chain based energy trading mechanism for the Internet of vehicles,which can ensure the safety and reliability of the energy trading platform,encourage electric vehicle users to participate in energy trading,and optimize the charging and discharging behavior of electric vehicles,so as to maximize social welfare.Firstly,the characteristics of blockchain decentralization,time series data,collective maintenance,programmability,security and credibility provide an applicable underlying technical framework for the energy trading system of the Internet of vehicles.On the energy trading platform based on blockchain,the public-private key pair and digital signature technology are adopted to solve the concerns of electric vehicle users about privacy and security by verifying the legal identity of the trading entity and the authenticity and reliability of the information.Secondly,the energy transaction pricing mechanism is incorporated into the smart contract,which not only reduces the dependence on the middleman to the greatest extent,but also realizes the fairness of the transaction.Ultimately,all transactions will be permanently and accurately recorded in the blockchain ledger,which makes the traceability of transactions possible.In addition,most of the existing researches on transaction pricing are based on modeling analysis under complete information,that is,each participant in the system has an accurate understanding of the characteristics,strategic space and payment function of all other participants.However,in the environment of Internet of vehicles,due to the exponential growth of communication and computing load with the network scale,it is not easy to obtain complete information in time.Therefore,in the distributed energy trading system of the Internet of vehicles with incomplete information sharing,this paper uses Bayesian game to get the optimal pricing under the linear strategy equilibrium,so as to maximize the utility of both sides of the energy trading,so as to encourage electric vehicle users to participate in energy trading.Finally,the Hyperledger fabric blockchain network environment is built to simulate the energy trading of electric vehicle users,and the proposed energy trading mechanism is verified and analyzed from different angles.The experimental results show that,referring to the benchmark of complete information static game,the pricing strategy based on Bayesian game can achieve approximate user satisfaction under incomplete information.When the quotation area of both sides is close,the approximation can reach 98%.In addition,the scheme has more advantages in communication cost and timeliness than complete information static game.