Comparative Study Of Visual Distraction Characteristics During Driving Of Real And Simulated Vehicles

Many experiments related to vehicle performance are performed on driving simulators.Existing driving simulators build vehicle dynamics models,collect driver’s operation data from relevant sensors,analyze the data,and then output to various displays or control motion mechanisms to simulate the vehicle’s motion characteristics.From the perspective of vehicle performance related experiments,driving simulators provide solutions for many scenarios where real vehicle experiments cannot be performed,such as the vehicle’s handling response in an emergency situation,and the driver’s dangerous operating behavior analysis.There are large differences in the structure and form of different simulators.The differences between the driver’s behavior on the simulator and the actual driving behavior are currently involved in fewer research areas.To truly analyze the driving simulator’s representation of vehicle-related performance,you must first determine how much the driver’s behavior on the simulator differs from the real behavior.In view of this problem,this paper designs a class of distracted driving experimental tasks,and conducts experiments in the real vehicle driving environment and the simulated driving environment.The driving simulator used has 6 degrees of freedom,and the real vehicle body,real steering wheel,and real pedals are used as the driver’s control device to minimize the differences between the simulator control device and the actual vehicle operation.Based on this,the vehicle motion characteristics under real vehicle driving and simulated driving conditions,as well as the driving behavior characteristics of the driver are analyzed,and an attempt is made to explore the response strength of the simulator experiment to the real driving experiment,and to simply evaluate the simulator under specific tasks Experimental credibility.The main research contents are as follows:First,the dissertation designed a visual distracted driving experiment,and recruited 20drivers to participate in two experiments in an open and voluntary manner.In order to prevent the driver from knowing the deliberate operation behavior caused by the experimental task,the driver was informed that the experimental task involved was to estimate the speed and relative distance of the vehicle behind by observing the rearview mirror.During this process,due to the driver’s visual distraction,Will cause the vehicle to deviate laterally.The actual research is the lateral motion characteristics during the distraction process.For each driver,the same two types of experiments were performed on the highway and in the simulator environment,and the driver’s operating parameters,vehicle motion parameters,and traffic environment parameters were recorded during the experiment.Second,explore the effects of speed and distraction tasks on Trajectory offset(TO),Standard Deviation of Lane Position(SDLP),Steering wheel acceleration(SWA),Standard deviation of steering wheel angle(SDSWA),and Steering reversal rates(SRRs).To analyze the effects of vehicle speed and visual distraction on the lane keeping ability of the driver.Analysis found:Both real vehicle and simulation experiments show that compared to normal driving,visual distraction causes the lane keeping ability to decrease.And through the study of the steering control parameters,the steering reversal rates(SRRs at 1.3~0 and 2.5~0 levels)and the standard deviation of steering wheel angle(SDSWA)have been increased in the real vehicle driving experiments.Steering wheel reversal rates(SRRs at 1.3~0 and 2.5~0 levels)have increased in the simulated driving experiments.The analysis results of this study also show that in real car driving experiments and simulated driving experiments,as the speed increases,the standard deviation of lane position(SDLP)and trajectory offset(TO)of lane offsets increase.And as the speed increases,the growth rates of SDLP and TO in both experimental visual distraction tasks are the same as in normal driving.In addition,in real-car driving experiments,SRRs and SWA decrease with increasing speed,and the growth rate of SWA in visual distraction tasks is the same as during normal driving.But In the simulation driving experiment,it was only found that SWA decreased with the increase of speed,and the growth rate of SWA in the visual distraction task was also the same as that in normal driving.Finally,the analysis results of the driving simulator are compared with the results of real vehicle experiments,and the effectiveness of the experimental research of the simulated driver is analyzed.The results show that when performing the same distracted driving task at the same speed,the driver’s lateral control ability of the vehicle has a certain difference between the simulated driving state and the actual driving state.Comparing the effects of speed and driving tasks on lane keeping ability in the two driving environments,it can be found that 69.23%of the lane keeping ability characteristic indicators have the same trend in both driving environments,while 30.77%of the characteristic parameter changes have different trends.The results prove that when studying the influence of driving tasks and speed on driving behavior,the results of driving simulation experiments are basically consistent with the real vehicle experiments.When comparing the impact of two driving environments on lane keeping ability,it can be found that 76.92%of the two driving environments have significant differences in the indicators of vehicle retention ability,and 23.08%of the indicators of vehicle retention ability are the same.The results show that the vehicle motion parameters in the driving simulator are significantly different from the vehicle motion parameters on the actual road.And through the analysis of TO and SDLP,it is found that the lane keeping ability of the simulated driving test driver is worse than that of the real vehicle experiment.In general,there are some differences in the results of the simulator’s reflection of real driving behaviors.When performing related experiments,it is necessary to clarify the experimental tasks and try to avoid the shortcomings of the simulator to improve the credibility of the experimental results.