Analysis Of Dynamics And Failure Effect Of Air Spring Suspension System Of High-speed Vehicle

With the further improvement of my country’s high-speed railway network,maintaining long-term safe and stable operation quality has become a major issue at this stage.The air spring suspension system is one of the key technologies of high-speed bogies,and its nonlinear characteristics and failure modes have an important impact on the safety and stability of vehicle operation.Therefore,establishing an accurate air spring nonlinear model and analyzing its influence on vehicle dynamics has important theoretical significance and engineering practical value.Based on the theory of thermodynamics and fluid mechanics,AMESim is used to establish a vertical nonlinear model of an air spring including rubber airbags,additional air chambers and orifices.According to relevant standards,the model is simulated and calculated,and the correctness of the air spring model is verified through experimental data.It is embedded in the vehicle dynamics model to establish a vehicle coupling model,and compared with the conventional model.The results show that the vehicle coupling model can more accurately reflect the vehicle operating characteristics.Based on the air spring nonlinear model and vehicle coupling model,the influence of structural parameters on its nonlinear characteristics and vehicle dynamics performance is studied respectively.The results show that the dynamic damping increases with the increase of the volume of the rubber airbag and the additional air chamber,and decreases with the increase of the orifice diameter;the dynamic stiffness increases with the increase of the volume of the rubber airbag,and with the additional air chamber The volume and orifice diameter increase and decrease.When the two structural parameters are greater than a certain value,the dynamic stiffness tends to be stable;the vertical stability of the vehicle increases with the volume of the rubber airbag,the volume of the additional air chamber,and the diameter of the orifice.Larger and smaller;when the additional air chamber volume and throttle hole diameter are greater than a certain value,the vertical stability of the vehicle tends to be stable.It is recommended to increase the volume of the rubber bladder and select the appropriate additional air chamber volume and orifice diameter.The structural parameters of the air spring are further optimized by genetic algorithm,and the results show that the optimized structural parameters significantly improve the running stability and curve passing performance of the vehicle.Based on the vehicle coupling model,the time-domain response law of each aerodynamic component of the air spring with four-point support and two-point support when leaking is analyzed,and the influence of failure modes under different support methods on vehicle dynamics performance is studied.The results show that air spring leakage will cause a chain reaction of various aerodynamic components;the vehicle dynamics performance index under 4-point support generally reaches a peak when the leakage area is about 15mm~2,and the dynamic performance index gradually stabilizes after the leakage area is greater than 40mm~2;The vehicle dynamics performance index under the 2-point support generally reaches its peak when the leakage area is about 10mm~2,and then gradually stabilizes;the air spring leaks when the vehicle passes the curve,and the vertical dynamic performance of the vehicle under the 4-point support is better 2-point support;leakage occurs after the differential pressure valve fails,and the derailment coefficient and wheel load reduction rate indicators are significantly increased compared to normal operating conditions;leakage occurs after the height valve fails,and the vertical dynamic performance of the vehicle under the 4-point support is excellent Supported at 2 points,and the dynamic performance of the leakage side height valve failure is better than that of the normal side height valve failure;leakage occurs after the throttle is blocked,the lateral and vertical stability indicators of the vehicle under the4-point support are respectively higher than 2 points Under the support,it is about 2%and11%higher.