Research On Optical Path Structure System Of Ring Laser Gyroscope

The effect-based ring laser gyroscope has the ability to measure the angular velocity in real time,high precision and autonomously.Scientists in the United States in 1925 by using optic gyro successfully Michelson measurement to the earth’s rotation angular velocity,in 1963 the first successful development of ring laser gyroscope,along with the continuously go deep into research,the development of the ring laser gyroscope in two directions,one is the navigation level ring laser gyroscope,a small cavity structure,stable performance and strong anti-jamming capability,etc,are widely used in military aircraft,cruise missiles and submarines in the inertial navigation system;The other is a large ring laser gyroscope,which has the characteristics of large cavity structure,high measurement accuracy and high accuracy,etc.,and has been applied in geophysical science fields such as earth parameter measurement,real-time monitoring of seismic waves and solving world time.Based on the project of "Precise Measurement of Ultrastable Laser Frequency",this paper studies the optical path structure system and signal detection of large laser gyroscope,which lays a solid foundation for high precision measurement of the angular velocity of the earth rotation and solution of UT1.The main work of this paper is as follows:The paper introduces the research status of large laser gyroscope,through reading a large number of foreign languages to summarize the development status of foreign countries in detail,the development of large laser gyroscope in China needs to continue to develop.The development of large laser gyroscope is not easy.The development of a set of systems requires a team to spend five to ten years or even longer,and a lot of economic conditions are needed to support it.Therefore,the development of large laser gyroscope in this paper is mainly focused on the theoretical verification and simulation design stage.First of all,from the basic theory of gyroscope,found in the theoretical analysis of the gyro output signal proportional to the area of the ring cavity,but with the annular cavity geometry relationship is not clear,in the actual development of large laser gyroscope must be considered when select specific cavity structure as light path,so the study of cavity geometry structure,the transformation from qualitative description to quantitative calculation of concrete,for the same area of the triangle square annular and circular cavity is studied,and confirmed the square cavity effect on the beam is less than the triangular cavity,the results accord with the fundamental data of large laser gyro use square as a circular cavity structure,It provides important theoretical basis for the development of gyroscope.Secondly,the influence of the geometric deformation of the ring cavity on the measurement performance of the gyroscope is analyzed,and the triangular and square ring cavities are analyzed.The results show that the square structure is superior to the triangular structure under the same conditions.The three-dimensional coordinates of the mirror in the annular cavity are established,and the shape variables of the annular cavity are expressed in the form of coordinate changes.The geometric deformations of the annular cavity are calculated and analyzed,and the variation trend of the gyroscope scale factor with the degree of deformation under various deformations is given,and the optimization model of the scale factor of the annular cavity deformation is established.It is of great significance to improve the measurement accuracy of ring laser gyro.Finally,according to the characteristics of the output signal of the gyroscope,the frequency detection and phase detection technology are designed,and the autocorrelation processing of the output signal of the gyroscope is carried out in the Gaussian white noise environment,and the function of adjusting the output signal of the gyroscope is realized by simulation.The research in this paper lays a theoretical foundation for the design and development of large laser gyroscope,provides theoretical support for the selection of cavity and technical method for the detection of gyroscope signal,and effectively improves the performance of large laser gyroscope.