Flow And Heat Transfer Calculation Of A Compact Heat Exchanger In Lead Cooled Fast Reactor

Lead cooled fast reactors are generation four reactors and are also called "Solid Metal Cooled Reactors".Lead cooled fast reactors use lead as primary fluid.Using lead is a challenge task because of the immensely high density of the metal.Cooling lead in the primary loop is a basic problem.A lot of methods have been derived for that.One the most common one is using a heat exchanger.But due to higher temperature a simple heat exchanger cannot be used.A new method is using a compact heat exchanger.Compact heat exchangers are made to bear high temperature and are smaller in size providing the more heat transfer surface.So,the purpose of this Research document is to design a heat exchanger for a lead cooled fast reactor.Flow and heat properties of the heat exchanger has been calculated and are compared with different kind of heat exchangers.Compact heat exchanger has been optimized and the nominal and optimized results has been compared The influence of temperature,pressure and velocity on the heat exchanger of the lead cooled fast reactor has been analyzed.The influence of temperature,pressure and velocity has been analysed.Increasing temperature causes an increase in pressure drop by a value of 2.5 Pascal and vice versa.Velocity of fluid causes an decrease in temperature by a value of 50 degree cacius.Increasing the velosity of the fluid causes an increase in temperature difference by a value of 30 degree calcius which mass flow rate increase by a value of 0.2 kg/s.Flow and heat transfer calculation of a heat exchanger is done and then two different objective functions including the total annual cost and entropy generation units are defined.An attempt has been made to find the best trade-off between the above-mentioned conflicting objectives simultaneously.For this purpose,multi-objective optimization using genetic algorithm has been employed to evaluate a set of optimal decisions for the design parameters of the geometry of heat exchanger.The main advantage of this study was to provide a set of optimal solutions and strategies which can be selected by the designer with satisfying all the constraints such as process constraints and available investments.Comparing the results with the preexisting data in literature.This study has proven that the Compact heat exchangers are not forbidden to use in Lead cooled fast reactors if they are optimized.A heat exchanger with18.8%better overall heat transfer and 63.5%lesser total annual cost has been designed as a result of this research.and a lesser total annual cost is obtained and lastly shell and tube heat exchanger and compact heat exchangers have been compared on the basis of same parameters.