Study On Atrium Physical Environment Evaluation Of Large Public Buildings In Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

The construction of large and medium-sized public buildings in cities shows a trend of accelerating development,and their occupancy is increasing.Public buildings not only play an important role in urban construction,but also play an important role in urban spatial organization.Public building construction has attracted wide attention.Atrium architecture plays a catalytic role in the process of urban renewal.However,with the continuous improvement and progress of architectural technology and human spiritual and cultural needs,as well as the improvement of domestic architectural design level and the impact of foreign architects,the quality of atrium space is also put forward with high requirements.Large public buildings have taken on a new look.The design of the atrium is beyond people’s imagination.The concept of atrium space can not be defined by traditional plane form,section form and space enclosure.In the construction of large-scale public buildings,atrium space design often relies on the subjective experience of designers and their artistic accomplishment,or simply relies on the scientific data analysis of related technical software,which lacks systematicness.In the process of architectural design,architectural design is not simply material production and no "spirit" practice.According to the meaning of popular architecture and its spatial function,it should involve two major categories: material and spiritual.This classical dichotomy has long provided wel-developed and mature principles of composition(material level)and aesthetics(philosophical level)for architectural art design.However,the correct understanding of dichotomy is not entirely the real understanding of architectural design,at least it can not distinguish architectural design from other artistic activities such as painting,sculpture and so on.Only the popular dichotomy can make architectural design a superficial game behavior.As the core space of public buildings,atrium space design should avoid becoming a game of design,but focus on space art and comprehensive comfort feeling.In architectural design,designers often start from their own wishes and pay attention to the expression of their own ideas and artistic accomplishments.However,we know that the real users of architecture are the main objects of architectural value.Focusing on "user’s meaning" rather than "designer’s meaning" is one of the core values of our society today.As the core of large public buildings,building comfortable atrium space is an effective way to improve the quality of public buildings space.Firstly,the thesis adopts the way of subjective and objective investigation.On the one hand,it obtains the subjective feelings of the active crowd in each building venue.On the other hand,it carries out on-site measurement to test and collect the parameters of atrium location,atrium characteristic information,atrium physical environment(acoustic environment,light environment,thermal environment).Then,the data obtained are summarized and sorted out,and the problems and shortcomings in physical environment comfort of atrium in building examples are analyzed.Aiming at the common problems existing in each venue,the factors influencing the physical environment of atrium space are analyzed in combination with relevant literature and theoretical results,and the relationship between each factor and the single physical environment of atrium is obtained.After that,the physical environment optimization simulation of atrium space with typical problems is carried out to verify the corresponding relationship between the influencing factors and the physical environment comfort of atrium space.Taking the atrium space of public buildings in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei as the research object,through the network investigation of 48 public buildings,25 building venues with relatively typical atrium space were selected.Subjective questionnaires and field tests were carried out.Finally,the position,size,window opening information,lighting mode,indoor and outdoor temperature,humidity,wind speed and wind speed of 21 venues were obtained.More than 300 questionnaires on sound pressure level,ilumination,information of interior decoration materials and their surface brightne ss and effective subjective evaluation were collected.The innovation of this paper lies in paying attention to the design of atrium space,the comprehensive physical environment of acousto-optic-thermal in atrium space and the subjective evaluation of building users.The main factors affecting the physical environment comfort of atrium space are analyzed based on the actual investigation results and relevant theoretical basis.The subjective perception factors and architectural factors affecting the physical environment comfort of atrium are obtained,and their relationship with the physical environment comfort of atrium are demonstrated.Corresponding to the relationship between physical environment.In addition,the design conditions affecting the comfort of the physical environment are preliminarily validated by the optimization of the actual venues with typical problems,which accumulates data and feasible research methods for further research on the integrated method of physical environment in atrium space.