Research And Design Of Low-latency MAC Protocol For UAV Ad Hoc Networks

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and 5G communication technology,there are more options and possibilities for the implementation of aviation Ad Hoc network technology.Compared with a single UAV,unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)Ad Hoc network is more reliable,more capable of coordination and expansion,and is widely used in military and civilian fields.Due to the high dynamic nature of UAV Ad Hoc network,the traditional wireless Ad Hoc network and media access control(MAC)protocol cannot meet its requirements directly when it is used for low delay and anti-jamming communication.Therefore,the research of MAC multiple access protocol for UAV Ad Hoc network has become a hot topic.In this paper,aiming at the actual networking requirements,combined with the characteristics of UAV Ad Hoc network,the low-delay MAC protocol suitable for UAV Ad Hoc network is studied and designed under the guarantee of certain anti-jamming capability.The main works are as follows.First,the design of the MAC protocol of UAV Ad Hoc network based on statistical priority.By analyzing and summarizing statistical priority-based multiple access(SPMA)protocol operation mechanism and characteristic,we points out the shortage of the existing research,and presents two improved methods: One is to solve the problem of low priority packet "hungry",put forward a kind of applicable to dynamic SPMA agreement priority queue scheduling algorithm,the algorithm based on packet waiting time delay to dynamically adjust the priority,low priority packets get more chances to send.The other is to solve the problem of invalid packet fading in the protocol,proposes a multi-priority adaptive fading algorithm based on three key parameters obtained from the SPMA mechanism principle analysis.Finally,the performance of SPMA protocol based on the old and new algorithms is compared under different network load scenarios.The results show that the dynamic priority queue scheduling algorithm can effectively improve the "hunger" of low-priority packets under medium and low load.The adaptive avoidance algorithm based on multi-priority can improve the channel utilization better under the condition of ensuring high priority packet quality of service(Qo S).Second,the MAC protocol design of UAV Ad Hoc network based on time division multiple access(TDMA).For the specific needs that are close to the reality,this paper proposes a low delay MAC protocol for UAV Ad Hoc networks.The protocol adopts distributed election center and supports two-hop topology.Two orthogonal frequency points are used to ensure the anti-jamming capability of the network,and a two-dimensional time slot allocation table is designed to make full use of channel resources.A reasonable mechanism of network entry and exit and routing topology updating are designed.This paper proposes an initial networking method based on competing master nodes,which can effectively guarantee the network performance of the initial nodes.The protocol supports periodic and burst traffic.Based on the dynamic allocation of slots,a time slot allocation algorithm based on time hash is proposed,which can effectively guarantee the delay performance of burst traffic by hashing the free slots in the whole time frame.The results show that the designed protocol has good initialization performance and high throughput.On the premise of meeting the needs of periodic business,the proposed dynamic time slot allocation algorithm of time hash can obviously improve the end-to-end delay performance and jitter problems of emergent business and meet the expected requirements.