| Global warming and climate change caused by carbon emission have a profound impact on the human world.Since China’s accession to the World Trade Organization,foreign trade and domestic demand has flourished,and product production has risen sharply,resulting in a rapid increase in energy consumption and a rapid increase in carbon dioxide emission.Controlling carbon dioxide emission is an urgent task the world and China has to undertake.At present,China has made a commitment to achieve the goal of peaking carbon dioxide emission and carbon dioxide neutrality.In the future,it needs to continue to promote carbon emission reduction.China is also the largest developing country in the world.The people have just get out of the trouble of poverty,and the country needs to maintain a certain speed of economic growth.Therefore,Coordinating economic development and carbon emissions is an important principle for China to promote carbon emission reduction.Improving carbon emission efficiency continuously is the only way to achieve a win-win situation of gaining economic development and promoting carbon emission reduction simultaneously.Carbon emission reduction is mainly promoted by implementing environmental regulations.Different type of environmental regulation may have different effect on carbon emission efficiency.In addition,the effect of environmental regulation on carbon emission efficiency will be affected by regional energy endowments.Therefore,this paper studies the influence of heterogeneous environmental regulation on carbon emission efficiency under the moderating effect of regional energy endowment.Starting from elaborating the theories of economic growth,efficiency,externality and low-carbon economy,this paper analyzes the influence mechanism of environmental regulation and energy endowment on carbon emission efficiency,and then uses the SBM-GML model to measure the total factor carbon emission efficiency of all provinces in China from 2007 to 2019.Next,the paper conduct a spatiotemporal analysis of efficiency,and further analyze the driving factors of efficiency changes.Then this paper uses the panel Tobit model to empirically analyze the influence of different types of environmental regulations on carbon emission efficiency and the effect of heterogeneous environmental regulation on carbon emission efficiency under the moderating effect of energy endowment.The study concluded that:（1）China’s carbon emission efficiency has been continuously improved during the study period,but the absolute efficiency is not good.At the end of the study period,only 8 provinces have carbon emission efficiency values of 0.5 or above.Among the three kinds of regions,the efficiency of energy-rich region is significantly higher than that of the other two regions;（2）From the perspective of the efficiency change index,the GML index of the whole country,the energy-rich region and the energy-general region are greater than1,which means the carbon emission efficiency has increased.The GML index of the energy-poor region is less than 1,which means the carbon emission efficiency of this region has decreased.The technological progress index of all regions are greater than1,indicating a positive effect on carbon emission efficiency,while the technical efficiency index is less than 1,which has a negative effect on carbon emission efficiency;（3）In terms of the influence of energy endowment and environmental regulation on carbon emission efficiency,at the national level,commanding type and public type environmental regulations have an inhibitory effect on carbon emission efficiency,while market type environmental regulations play a positive role in promoting carbon emission efficiency.Dependence on high-carbon industries brings a large amount of carbon emission and reduces China’s carbon emission efficiency.Under the moderating effect of energy endowment,the three types of environmental regulation affect the carbon emission efficiency in the same direction as it’s influence on the whole nation,but the effect is weakened.（4）In terms of the results of the effects of energy endowments and environmental regulations on carbon efficiency in different areas,the influence of commanding type environmental regulation on energy-rich,energy-general,and energy-poor regions under the moderating effect of energy endowment is the same as it’s influence on the whole nation.As for the influence of market type environmental regulation under the moderating effect of energy endowment,market type regulation has significantly promoted the improvement of carbon emission efficiency in energyrich areas and energy-general areas,and also played a positive role in promoting carbon emission efficiency in energy-poor areas,but it was not significant.Under the moderating effect of energy endowment,the promotion effect of market type regulation on carbon emission efficiency of the three regions is weakened.As for the influence of public type environmental regulation under the moderating effect of energy endowment,public type environmental regulation has significantly inhibited the carbon emission efficiency of energy-rich and energy-poor regions.The effect on the energy-general area is not significant.In the energy-rich area,the energy endowment significantly inhibits the carbon emission efficiency.Under the moderating effect of the energy endowment,the negative effect of the public regulation on the carbon emission efficiency of the energy-rich area is weakened.According to the research conclusions,the following policy suggestions are put forward: Firstly,improving the technical efficiency and comprehensively promoting the improvement of carbon emission efficiency;Secondly,improving the environmental regulation system and expanding the application scope of market environmental regulation;Thirdly,reforming the energy system and promoting low-carbon and diversified industries development. |
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