Study On The Production Process Of Ammonium Polyphosphates Rare Earth Fertilizer And Synthesis Of Atorvastone And Phosphine Ligands

The research work of this dissertation contains three parts: the first part is the study of the synthesis process of the all-water soluble ammonium polyphosphate rare earth fertilizer prepared from wet phosphate residual acid;the second part is the study of the improved synthesis process of the drug atovaquone;the third part is the study of the synthesis of new phosphite ligands.The first part is an experimental study on the preparation of fully water-soluble ammonium polyphosphate rare earth fertilizer from wet phosphate residual acid and its fertilization efficiency in the field.The low polymerization degree of ammonium polyphosphate is an efficient compound fertilizer rich in nitrogen and phosphorus,with good solubility in water and high fertilization efficiency.It can also chelate rare earth metal ions to prepare full water-soluble rare earth fertilizer.Rare earth metal ions can increase crop yield,improve crop resistance and increase crop uptake of fertilizer.In this thesis,we use wet phosphoric acid by-product extractive acid to produce inexpensive water-soluble ammonium polyphosphate fertilizer and chelate rare earth metals cerium and lanthanum to prepare fully water-soluble ammonium polyphosphate rare earth fertilizer.The effects of molar ratio of reactants and concentration of raw materials on the nutrient content,polymerization rate and degree of polymerization of ammonium polyphosphate were investigated and studied.The optimum conditions for the synthesis of ammonium polyphosphate were determined to be 85% concentration of wet phosphoric acid extract,140°C reaction temperature,1 : 1.5 molar ratio of phosphoric acid : urea and 20 min reaction time,and the amount of rare earth metal ions chelated by aqueous ammonium polyphosphate solution was compared with different rare earth metal salts,different chelation methods and different chelation temperatures.The highest rare earth content of ammonium polyphosphate water-soluble fertilizer was finally determined by chelating lanthanum nitrate and cerium nitrate with ultrasonication at50°C.The fertilization efficiency experiment in the field verified the excellent fertilization efficiency of ammonium polyphosphate rare earth fertilizer,which provided a research basis for the development of new rare earth water-soluble fertilizer.The second part is a study on the improved synthesis process of the drug atovaquone.Atovaquone is a drug that can prevent and treat malaria,and also has anti-tumor and anti-coronavirus functions.The existing synthesis process of atovaquone suffers from low yield and high cost,so the synthesis process of atovaquone was optimized.Based on the existing synthetic routes,this thesis designed a route for the synthesis of atovaquone with low raw material price and simple operation.The route uses trichloroacetyl chloride,cyclohexene and chlorobenzene as the starting materials,and atovaquone is synthesized by six-step conversion.The total yield of the six-step reaction was 20% by optimizing the catalyst equivalent,oxidant type and purification step.The crude atovaquone was purified using beating and recrystallization,and the purity of the product could reach over 99%.This route provided a new idea for the synthesis of atovaquone.The third part is the synthesis of novel phosphite ligands.Olefin hydroformylation reactions can convert cheap and readily available basic chemical raw materials into a variety of important chemical products conveniently and efficiently.Catalysts play an important role in olefin hydroformylation reactions.The new generation of phosphite/rhodium catalyst system has the advantages of mild reaction conditions,low energy consumption and high reactivity.In this thesis,four different structures of phosphite ligands A,B,C and D were synthesized using the phosphorus trichloride method.the synthetic route of ligand D was optimized to improve the yield of ligand D,reduce the amount of phosphorus trichloride and verify that the recovered phosphorus trichloride can be reused.Performed kilo-scale scale-up experiments for ligand D to make the synthesis process greener and less costly.To provide new ideas for the synthesis and production of phosphite ligands.