| During the "14th five-year plan" period,China’s ecological civilization construction has entered a key period focusing on carbon reduction,promoting the synergy of pollution and carbon reduction,promoting the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development,and realizing the improvement of ecological environment quality from quantitative change to qualitative change.In September 2020,China announced to the world the goal of achieving carbon peak by2030 and carbon neutralization by 2060,that is the bi-carbon goal.This goal not only requires the practical action of carbon reduction and emission reduction,but also will promote the transformation and upgrading of China’s industrial enterprises to green and low-carbon development,especially the heavily polluting enterprises,whose extensive development model of high resource investment,high energy consumption and high pollution emission needs to be changed.The key to achieving the goal of "double carbon" lies in the green transformation of development mode.On the one hand,green development requires to promote social and economic development from resource dependence to technology dependence.On the other hand,it requires the development mode to shift from emphasizing quantity growth to paying attention to quality improvement,and from factor driven scale expansion to innovation driven structural upgrading.Green technology innovation is an important grasp and thrust behind this transformation.Green technological innovation is the fundamental support of green development,and green development is the core goal of green technological innovation.It is an important path to realize green development in China to reduce the consumption of natural resources,improve the natural ecological environment,improve the efficiency of resource allocation,and promote the construction of a green,efficient,and low-carbon production system through green technology innovation.Therefore,to achieve the goal of bi-carbon goal,it is urgent to increase the quantity and improve the quality of green technology innovation.In late September 2021,the topic of "pulling the brakes on electricity" in Northeast China received widespread attention,especially without prior notice,some residents of the community were pulled power cut off,causing heated discussion.However,"pulling the brakes on electricity" is not an accidental socio-economic phenomenon,by economic recovery,coal supply constraints and the realization of the "energy consumption double control" target and other factors,in addition to the Northeast,such as Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Guangdong and other more than 10 southern provinces have also started power restriction measures.Although some local power restriction measures fully consider the actual economic operation,to ensure the steady and orderly implementation of The Dual Control of Energy Consumption policy,the use of electricity subjects such as classification and other precise power restriction measures.However,these measures objectively still have a certain degree of adverse impact on production enterprises.From this point of view,the fundamental way for high energy consuming enterprises to deal with "power rationing" is to achieve the goal of improving quality and efficiency of development through green transformation,improve production capacity and effectively reduce energy consumption.In the long run,the stable operation of social economy is inseparable from energy consumption.To achieve the goal of "carbon peak in 2030 and carbon neutralization in 2060" requires energy conservation and carbon reduction,which is a dilemma.The large-scale "power cut-off" further highlights the urgency of accelerating green technology innovation and promoting green development.Under the requirements of the carbon emission peak and carbon neutralization goal,environmental regulation has become increasingly strict from top-level design to specific implementation,forming an unprecedented high-pressure situation.How does strict environmental regulation affect the green technology innovation of heavily polluting enterprises? Does hometown identity promote enterprises to correct pollution behavior and promote green innovation? It can be inferred that there is a certain relationship between environmental punishment,hometown identity and enterprise green technology innovation.Therefore,this thesis discusses the quantity and quality performance of green technology innovation of heavy polluting enterprises under strict environmental regulation,as well as the regulatory role of hometown identity,to provide some possible ideas for realizing the "bi-carbon" goal and green development.Specifically,Based on literature and theoretical analysis,this thesis selects 563 heavy polluting industry enterprises listed on Shanghai and Shenzhen A-shares from2014 to 2019 as a research sample,as well as the enterprise environmental punishment record,entrepreneur’s hometown information and green invention technology patent data,we build random effect Tobit regression model,analyzes the impact of environmental regulation and hometown identity on the quantity and quality of green technology innovation of heavy polluting enterprises,and conducts a series of robust tests.At the same time,taking the nature of property rights,corporate culture,and environmental supervision pressure as the situational conditions,we investigate the differentiated green technology innovation performance of heavy pollution enterprises in different situations.To sum up,this study draws the following conclusions:First,environmental regulation and hometown identity have different mechanisms for the impact of green technology innovation in heavily polluting enterprises.As far as the formal system is concerned,the influence of environmental regulation plays a direct role in promoting green technology innovation.Specifically,the greater the intensity and frequency of environmental punishment,the greener technology innovation in heavy polluting enterprises,and the higher the quality,as far as the informal system is concerned,hometown identity plays an indirect role in strengthening the environmental regulation and green technology innovation between the promotion effect of the regulatory role.Out of special feelings for home,after environmental violations are punished,the chairman of heavy polluting enterprises is more inclined to support green technology innovation in the two dimensions of quantity and quality.Second,there are differences in the impact of environmental regulation on different types of green technology innovation.As an important component of green technology innovation,there are differences between energy conservation and emission reduction technology innovation and pollution control technology innovation under the influence of environmental punishment.Specifically,with the increase of the intensity of environmental penalties,heavy polluting enterprises has more patents in the saving technology innovations,and the purify technology innovations was slightly inferior.Third,the differences in property rights and cultural background,as well as the regional environmental regulatory pressure,will lead to heavy pollution enterprises green technology innovation performance by environmental regulation of different degrees.Specifically,the green technology innovation of state-owned enterprises and non-family enterprises is more sensitive to environmental regulation,while the pressure of environmental regulation on state-owned enterprises and family-owned enterprises is relatively small,and the increase of environmental penalty intensity only promotes the growth of the quantitative dimension of green technology innovation,while the improvement of the quality of green technology innovation is not significant.At the same time,the difference of regional environmental supervision pressure also affects the performance of green technology innovation of polluting enterprises,and the higher the environmental supervision pressure,the more it helps the green technology innovation of heavy polluting enterprisesThis thesis provides some ideas for guiding polluting enterprises to realize green transformation and development through technological innovation under the background of bi-carbon goal.The research conclusions may help to improve the systematic construction of environmental regulation and environmental governance system,guide enterprises to change their development concept,force heavily polluting enterprises to increase environmental governance demand,encourage green technology innovation,increase quality,and shape green core competitiveness. |
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