Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation Of Furfural To Furfuryl Alcohol Over Metal Oxides-Nitrogen-Doped-Carbon Composite

With the rapid growth of the world economy,the contradiction between the sharp increase of energy demand and the gradual depletion of fossil resources,and environmental pollution caused by fossil resources become more significant.Thus,it is urgent to develop new green energy to replace fossil resources.As a renewable resource,biomass has the potential to reduce the dependence on fossil resources and corresponding environmental pollution.Furfural,one of the most important platform chemical during lignocellulosic biomass conversion,can be further converted into value-added chemicals such as furfuryl alcohol,attracting significant attention by world-wide researchers.In this paper,21 kinds of non-precious metal oxides-nitrogen-doped-carbon catalysts were prepared to catalyze transfer hydrogenation of furfural.Metal oxides are widely used in the field of catalysis because of their low price and simple preparation.Besides using as carriers and promoters,they can also serve as active catalysts.In order to improve the catalytic activity of metal oxide catalysts,nitrogen-doped carbon is introduced as a carrier.The results show that the catalytic performance of various catalysts can be divided into five platforms,among which Al O_x-N-C catalyst has the best catalytic performance.The highest conversion of furfural is 94.4%with 92.9%selectivity of furfuryl alcohol.A variety of characterization methods are used to study the relationship between the structure and catalytic performance.X-ray diffraction(XRD)characterization results indicate that the metal elements in the material exist as their corresponding oxides.The relationship between catalytic activity and oxygen vacancy is disclosed by EPR spectra.The introduction of nitrogen-doped carbon during synthesis of metal oxide can greatly improve the content of oxygen vacancy.At last,the modification of palladium-based catalysts was preliminary studied.The bimetallic catalyst with silver content between 12-13%shows better furfuryl alcohol yield than the palladium catalyst.The introduction of silver can effectively modify the surface active sites to control the product selectivity.