Transition-metal-catalyzed C-H Carbonylation Of Heterocyclic Amines And Heterocyclic Amides

The carbonylation reaction is one of the most efficient methods for the synthesis of carbonyl compounds,which is of great significance in pharmaceutical production and academic research.Since Heck developed the first palladium-catalyzed carbonylative coupling reaction in 1974,transition-metal-catalyzed carbonylation reaction has aroused great interest among scientists in organic synthesis.In order to synthesize carbonyl compounds more efficiently and economically,C-H carbonylation reaction has gradually attracted the attention of the public and has become a powerful tool.By breaking the C-H bond and inserting CO unit,the corresponding carbonyl compounds can be directly obtained,which has great research value and development potential.The overview part of this paper mainly introduces the recent advance of C-H（including C（sp）-H,C（sp²）-H,C（sp³）-H）carbonylation.Later,by using benzene-1,3,5-triyl triformate（TFBen）as an alternative carbonyl source,transition-metal-catalyzed C-H carbonylation reaction of heterocyclic amines and heterocyclic amides have been developed.The specific research content is as follows:1.Using TFBen as the green carbonyl source,the site-selective palladium-catalyzed C-H carbonylation reaction of heterocyclic amines has been developed.A series of lactam compounds with diverse structures are synthesized.This reaction occurs selectively at the C₂position of the heterocyclic ring（indole ring and thiophene ring）or the ortho position of the benzene ring,affording a variety of lactam compounds with different structures.2.Using TFBen as the green carbonyl source,the cobalt-catalyzed C-H carbonylation reaction of heterocyclic amides.A series of indolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline-6（5H）-one and their derivatives are synthesized.This reaction occurs selectively at the C₂position of the indole ring,and various（NH）-indolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline-6（5H）-one compounds are achieved.And this method can be used to construct the core framework of PARP-1 inhibitor C.