| Rapid urbanization and industrialization have promoted the in-depth development of social economy,and the concentration of population and socio-economic resources lead to higher intensity of land development and utilization.The transformation of land use patterns and the expansion of construction land caused by human disturbance have led to drastic changes in the distribution pattern of regional landscape ecological space,exerting tremendous pressure on the performance of ecological functions and the protection of ecological security.The landscape ecological network is the skeleton of the ecological pattern,symbolizing the signs of ecological process operation.The concept of green development and the construction of ecological civilization put forward higher requirements for the protection of regional landscape ecological environment.Landscape ecological network planning and design based on landscape pattern and function can effectively regulate the ecological process and maintain the stability of the ecosystem.At the same time,it can provide reference for identifying and protecting ecological space and maintaining the sustainable development of regional ecological environment.Maintain the sustainable development of the regional ecological environment and provide a reference on the method path.This study takes Jiangjin District of Chongqing as an example.Firstly,from the perspective of landscape spatial structure and patch connectivity,this paper discusses the spatial differentiation of ecological service function and landscape ecological risk in the study area by using GIS spatial analysis method,and identifies the landscape ecological network composed of corridors and nodes by combining MSPA analysis and minimum cumulative resistance model.Secondly,the optimization path of landscape ecological network is designed based on the theory of complex system,and the topology analysis and connection robustness method are used to verify the effect of landscape ecological network optimization.Finally,based on the barrier degree,the corresponding protection strategies are put forward.The main conclusions of this thesis are as follows:(1)The distribution and morphological characteristics of landscape types in the study area showed strong spatial differentiation.In the north and east of the study area,the construction land landscape and cultivated land landscape are dominant,and the boundary of landscape types is relatively clear;in the middle of the study area,which is close to the Yangtze River and is mostly river terraces,the cultivated land,construction land and water landscape are intertwined;in the south of the study area,the forest landscape is dominant.The complexity,connectivity and diversity of Landscape Morphology in the study area increased first and then decreased with the increase of topographical index.The overall ecological service function of landscape ecological space is of high importance,and with the differentiation of topography and landscape,it presents obvious high and low value spatial distribution characteristics.Woodland landscape plays an important role in the regional ecosystem service function.The most important areas of ecological service function are concentrated in the southern region with high vegetation coverage index,good water and heat resources and stable geological structure.The landscape risk index of the study area shows obvious spatial differentiation characteristics.The water area is the landscape type with the highest risk index,and the risk value decreases from the river system to both sides.(2)Coupled with the ecological process identification method,116 ecological source map patches,28 key ecological corridors,69 potential ecological corridors and 216 landscape ecological nodes were identified,forming a multi-level complex landscape ecological network spatial structure of point,line and surface.Based on MSPA model and landscape connectivity index,116 ecological source patches were identified,covering an area of 349.58km2,accounting for 10.86% of the total area of the study area.They were distributed in the north and south of the study area,showing uneven spatial distribution characteristics.Based on the evaluation system of ecological resistance factors,the landscape ecological resistance surface was constructed by using MCR model.The ecological cumulative resistance value in the study area showed a spatial distribution trend of high in the middle and low in the north and south,showing an irregular growth trend from the ecological source to the outside.97 landscape ecological corridors and 216 landscape ecological nodes including key ecological corridors and potential ecological corridors were identified.The distribution was complex and scattered,and the connectivity of North-South landscape ecological elements was poor.(3)The overall landscape ecological network is dense in the south and sparse in the north,with low structural stability and weak interconnection.The two optimization strategies showed different optimization effects.The comparative analysis of the network topology before and after optimization shows that both strategies can enhance the network connectivity,but the betweenness priorited strategy achieves a greater increase in connectivity.The increase in the number of nodes was the most robust to network edge recovery.Based on the ecological sources,obstacle area,and minimum cumulative resistance surface,the study area is divided into four ecological protection and restoration areas:ecological conservation area,ecological conservation area,ecological buffer zone and ecological construction area.Different planning guidance and suggestions were provided for special ecology area. |
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