| Smilax glabra Roxb.is a liliaceous plant light dry leaf chinaroot greenbrier rhizome.Pharmacological studies have shown that,in the anti-uric acid,anti-inflammatory analgesic,treatment of kidney disease,immune suppression,etc have obvious curative effect,and clinical commonly used drugs for the treatment of hyperuricemia（HUA）and gout all contain Smilax glabra.To reveal the substance basis of its anti-uric acid,analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities,this article explored the active ingredients in Smilax glabra,which have uric acid lowering,analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties,and the results are as follows:1.After smashing,75%ethanol was used to extract the alcohol extract（yield 21.45%）,and the filtrate residue after alcohol extraction was added to water to extract the water extract.After alcohol precipitation,the alcohol sink（yield 9.10%）and alcohol solution（yield 7.3%）were obtained.The uric acid-lowering,analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of different extracts of Smilax glabra were verified by establishing a mouse model of HUA,a writhing reaction induced by acetic acid and a mouse ear swelling model induced by xylene.The results showed that the alcohol extract of Smilax glabra has significant anti-uric acid and anti-inflammatory effects（P<0.01）,and the alcohol sink of Smilax glabra has significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects（P<0.01）.2.Four components were obtained from the ethanol extract of Smilax glabra by macroporous resin.The results showed that 70%ethanol eluent of macroporous resin had the effect of anti-uric acid through the detection of the HUA mouse model.This part is separated and purified by MCI column and ODS-AQ column to obtain 5 compounds.The results of nuclear magnetic resonance（NMR）were as follows:astilbin（1）,taxifolin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-α-L-rhamnopyranoside（2）,engeletin（3）,isoengeletin（4）,4-（pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-yl）pheno（5）.Among them,compound 2 and compound 5 were isolated from Smilax glabra for the first time.Through the in vitro inhibition experiment of xanthine oxidase（XOD）,all compounds 2～5 have a significant inhibitory effect on the activity of XOD（P<0.01）.Among them,compound 5 has the strongest inhibitory effect,with an inhibition rate of 80.47%.The IC50of compound 5 is 3.74μg/mL,and compound 5 is a reversible competitive inhibitor of XOD with a Kiof 13.08μg/mL.3.The alcohol sink of Smilax glabra is depigmented and protein by macroporous resin,and DEAE-52 is roughly separated to obtain water eluting H component and 0.1 mol/L Na Cl eluting component I.Through the establishment of acetic acid-induced mouse writhing response and xylene-induced mouse ear swelling models,group H has analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.The fraction was separated,purified and identified by various gel columns,and a single-component polysaccharide was obtained.Through NMR identification,the structure of H-11 was preliminarily determined as the main chain formed by linking glucose withβ-（1→4）,and the side chain formed by linking rhamnose to C2of glucose.4.Four components were obtained from the ethanol extract of Smilax glabra by macroporous resin.The results showed that 30%ethanol eluent of macroporous resin had the effect of anti-inflammatory through the detection of xylene induced ear swelling model of mice.This part was separated and purified by MCI column and ODS-D to obtain 2compounds.The results of NMR were as follow:astilbin（6）,isoengeletin（7）.Among them,compound 6 has anti-inflammatory activity.5.The extraction rate of compound 5 was used as an evaluation index to optimize the extraction process of uric acid-lowering components in Smilax glabra.The optimal extraction temperature,extraction time,ethanol concentration,solid-liquid ratio and extraction times were 60℃,2.5 h,50%,1∶20 and 2 times,respectively.According to the results of response surface test,the best extraction process is:extraction temperature 65℃,ethanol concentration50%,material-to-liquid ratio 1:20（g/mL）.Under these conditions,the extraction rate of compound 5 is（1.26±0.01）%. |
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