Preparation Of Copper Oxide Foam Skeleton For The Formaldehyde Decomposition

Formaldehyde is a basic chemical widely used in the chemical industry,textile industry,printed circuit industry and other industries.Its toxicity and carcinogenicity have been clearly confirmed by organizations and institutions such as the World Health Organization,and formaldehyde is very harmful to human health.At present,there are a variety of methods under research to decompose or remove formaldehyde.The catalytic oxidation is divided into three methods: photocatalytic oxidation,thermal catalytic oxidation and electrocatalytic oxidation.In this paper,a porous copper oxide skeleton catalyst material was made by chemical deposition and electrodeposition from two points of thermal catalytic oxidation and electrocatalytic oxidation,and its material properties and catalytic performance of formaldehyde oxidation were characterized from many aspects.Specific research contents and conclusions are as the following sections.The preparation process of porous copper oxide skeleton is divided into three steps:polyurethane skeleton metallization,copper plating and heating oxidation.Specifically,first of all,through the way of electroless plating a layer of nickel phosphorus alloy is plated on the polyurethane foam.Nickel plating steps are subdivided into four steps,including oil removal,sensitization,activation and nickel.Through this four steps,a layer of nickel phosphorus alloy were plated on the polyurethane foam simply and easily,and then a porous nickel material sample is made.Secondly,it is the step of copper plating.The electroplating conditions were explored by controlling the current value and the electrification time respectively.Finally,the porous metal copper sample was heated and oxidized to make the required porous copper oxide skeleton material sample.After some experimental optimization,the mechanical strength of the porous copper oxide skeleton obtained could meet the needs of subsequent experiments and tests by increasing the electrification time during electroplating and reducing the heating and oxidation time.The prepared porous copper oxide skeleton material was characterized in many aspects.Surface topography analysis results show that the surface is very rough,consisting of many small pieces and small "holes".The section is composed of three layers: the outermost layer of copper oxide,the middle layer of copper,and the innermost layer of nickel.And there is a hole like a triangle in the middle of the material.Correlation component analysis results show that the middle layer of porous copper oxide material is composed of elemental copper,the outermost layer contains cuprous oxide and copper oxide two metal oxides,the content ratio of which changes with the temperature of heating oxidation.The test results of compressive strength show that with the increase of heating and oxidation temperature,the compressive strength of the prepared sample decreases gradually until it can not be used in practice.Through the analysis of thermal catalytic method,the prepared porous copper oxide skeleton material has a very obvious effect on catalytic degradation of formaldehyde,especially at the treatment temperature of 70℃,the formaldehyde conversion rate is close to 90%.The test of electrocatalytic method can also show that the prepared porous copper oxide skeleton material has a catalytic effect on the oxidation and decomposition of formaldehyde,and its catalytic effect is enhanced with the increase of formaldehyde concentration and temperature.