Ecological Efficiency Evaluation Of Wheat Production In North China Plain

With the rapid development of economy,the environment is deteriorating and threatening the survival of human beings.Environmental problems are concerned.The relationship between coordinated development and environment is essential to sustainable development.Agricultural development and ecological environment complement each other.With the steady progress of agricultural modernization,agricultural ecological environment has been seriously damaged,and in turn,the ecological environment has restricted agricultural development.There are many problems in wheat planting,including excessive application of fertilizer and pesticide,irregular recycling of agricultural film and straw,which brings hidden danger to food safety and cultivated land quality,and also causes irreversible environmental damage.The extensive agricultural production pattern continues to change.In order to realize the sustainable development of agriculture with win-win economic development and ecological environment,it is of great significance to give full play to the positive indicator role of agricultural ecological efficiency,which is of great significance to guide the direction of agricultural development,change the mode of agricultural development and formulate agricultural ecological policies.Based on the theory of ecological economics,low-carbon economy and sustainable development,this paper uses 344 farmer data obtained from field investigation in North China Plain,and combines life cycle evaluation and data envelopment analysis to analyze the ecological efficiency of wheat production in North China Plain.First,the life cycle of wheat production is evaluated,and the main pollutants and pollution stages in the life cycle are analyzed according to its comprehensive environmental index;secondly,based on the environmental index system,the ecological efficiency evaluation system is constructed by DEA,and the environmental impact and wheat yield are used as input and output of DEA model to calculate ecological efficiency value;the wheat is analyzed from the farmer level The influencing factors of the production ecological efficiency are selected according to the land characteristics,family characteristics and agricultural subsidy values.Finally,the results and conclusions are deepened,and the relevant policy suggestions for improving the ecological efficiency of wheat production in North China Plain are given.The detailed contents of this paper are as follows:(1)The results of life cycle assessment of wheat production in North China Plain showed that the environmental comprehensive index of each stage was agricultural production(51.91%),wheat planting(38.51%)and raw material mining(9.58%);the three environmental impact types with the greatest contribution to the environmental impact potential were eutrophication(34.66%),human toxicity(32.71%)and acidification(10.41%),and the main pollutants were chemical fertilizer,wheat planting(38.51%)and raw material mining(9.58%)It is caused by the production and excessive application of pesticides.(2)The results of DEA calculation show that the overall ecological efficiency of farmers is low,with an average of 0.698,and there is a gap of 30.2% from the efficiency frontier.Therefore,there is a huge space to improve the ecological efficiency of wheat production.(3)From the perspective of farmers,this paper selects 14 influencing factors,including land grade,farm management area,whether there are canals,the number of plots,the age of the head of household,the number of years in agriculture of the head of household,the number of years in education of the head of household,wheat input per hectare,wheat income per hectare,the number of wheat labor force,whether to join cooperatives and agricultural subsidies,to explore the mechanism of ecological efficiency The results show that land grade,farmland management area and wheat production input have a significant negative impact on the ecological efficiency of wheat production,and wheat production income,whether to join cooperatives and agricultural subsidies have a significant positive impact on the ecological efficiency of wheat production.(4)In order to promote the sustainable development of agriculture,it is necessary to deepen the research results and conclusions,and put forward some suggestions to improve the ecological efficiency of wheat production:increasing investment in agricultural science and technology,improving farmers’ awareness of green production,promoting cooperatives to play the role of publicity and promotion of ecological agriculture,and giving full play to the positive role of agricultural subsidies on ecological efficiency.