Preparation Of Several Montmorillonite Based Composites And Their Adsorption Properties For Pb²⁺ And β Blockers

The treatment of pharmaceutically active compounds and heavy metals in water has attracted wide attention.Adsorption is one of the most commonly used methods to deal with these pollutants.Natural montmorillonite（Mt）is a highly effective adsorbent.This work used traditional modification method to modify Mt by quaternary ammonium salt.Mt composites were also systhesized.These methods not only improved the adsorption performance,but also improved the practicality of industrial application in water treatment.The main research contents are as follows:（1）A new quaternary ammonium salt conditioning agent,hexadecanoic acid amide trimethylammonium chloride（NQAS16-3）was used to prepare modified Mt（N-Mt）.Several characterization methods were used to characterize the surface structure and properties of Mt before and after modification.The results revealed that NQAS16-3 successfully entered the interlayer of Mt and the optimal amount of modifier was 1.0 CEC.The adsorption capacity ofβblocker contaminants,atenolol（ATE）and acebutolol（ACE）,onto N-Mt reached 80.83 mg/g and 72.66 mg/g after modification,which significantly increased compared with Mt.（2）An eco-friendly corncob biochar based montmorillonite composite（Cc-Mt）was synthesized using corncob as carbon source for the single adsorption and co-adsorption of lead(Pb²⁺)and Atenolol（ATE）.In single adsorption system,the maximum equilibrium capacity of Cc-Mt for Pb²⁺and ATE were 139.78 mg/g and 76.86 mg/g,respectively,which were much more than the adsorption capacity of corncob biochar（Cc）and Mt.Meanwhile,co-adsorption properties of ATE and Pb²⁺on Cc-Mt composite were performed and found that the influence of ATE on the adsorption of Pb²⁺was greater than the effect of Pb²⁺on that of ATE.Moreover,Multiwfn program based on quantum chemical calculation was used to reveal the microscopic adsorption mechanism of Cc-Mt composite to ATE.（3）An effective adsorbent,Molybdenum disulfide/montmorillonite（MoS₂/Mt）composite was successfully synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method and its adsorption properties of ATE and ACE were further explored.The characterization of MoS₂/Mt demonstrated that MoS₂ can grow in-situ on the surface and the edge of Mt.The number of active sites on the edge of the composite also increased.The batch experiments revealed that the adsorption capacity of ATE and ACE onto MoS₂/Mt composite reached 132.08 mg/g and 113.82 mg/g,respectively.Besides,FTIR,XPS,BET and BJH were also employed to analyze the adsorption mechanism and the cause for the difference in the adsorption capacity of two different structure pollutants was explored.