Research On Monitoring And Measurement Methods Of Enterprise Greenhouse Gas Emission

The problem of global warming caused by excessive emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases has attracted widespread international attention.As a country with large carbon emissions,my country has achieved its emission reduction targets through the establishment of a carbon trading market as an effective means.The fair and stable development of the carbon trading market relies on the accuracy of carbon emissions data.At present,my country’s carbon trading market only monitors carbon emissions through the fuel side.Many companies use default values instead of actual measured values during verification and fail to evaluate the accuracy of the accounting results,resulting in low credibility of corporate carbon emissions verification data.For the healthy development of the carbon trading market,it is extremely important to explore and improve the quality of carbon verification data from both fuel-side and emission-side monitoring.The thesis selected 34 companies from electric power,cement,and brick and tile companies for investigation,sampling,and actual measurement.Analyze the company’s production process and determine the company’s accounting boundary;establish specific greenhouse gas emission calculation models for different industries based on the company’s fuel-side calculation method and emission-side measurement method;determine the source of uncertainty in the verification data,and establish the fuel-side and emissions End uncertainty analysis model;In addition,in-depth research has been carried out on the fuel end emission factor method of power generation and cement companies,using the data combination of measured values and default values of measurement parameters to calculate corporate emissions;GUM method is used to determine the uncertainty of the accounting results Degree to be assessed.The specific research results are as follows:(1)The accounting results of 34 companies show that: among the different monitoring methods,the emission end monitoring method has the smallest uncertainty.The uncertainty is mainly derived from the instrument uncertainty during flow measurement.The use of a spherical 3D pitot tube instead of an S-type pitot tube for measurement can effectively reduce the uncertainty.For the fuel end monitoring method,the uncertainty mainly comes from the uncertainty caused by using the default value,the uncertainty caused by sampling,and the uncertainty of the measuring instrument.The measured calculation factor and the reduction of the uncertainty of the measuring instrument can be effective Reduce uncertainty(2)The verification data of power generation enterprises shows that the average uncertainty of using the actual measurement method is the smallest,which is 5.06%.The average uncertainty of the material balance algorithm is 5.57% higher than that of the actual measurement method.When using the emission factor method,all measurement parameters are actually measured,and the average uncertainty is 6.78% higher than the actual measurement method;the measured low calorific value and the carbon content per unit calorific value are 14.80% higher than the actual measurement method;all are used The average uncertainty of the default value is 32.97% higher than that of the actual measurement method.When using the emission factor method,the measured low calorific value and the carbon content per unit calorific value can greatly reduce the uncertainty of the calculation results.If all the measurement parameters are measured,it can replace the material balance algorithm.(3)The verification data of cement enterprises shows that the average uncertainty of the calculation results using the actual measurement method is the smallest,which is 5.61%.The average uncertainty of the material balance algorithm is 8.86% higher than that of the actual measurement method.When using the emission factor method,all measurement parameters are actually measured,and the average uncertainty is 8.06% higher than the actual measurement method;at the same time,the measured low calorific value and the carbon content per unit calorific value are 12.15% higher than the actual measurement method;all The average uncertainty of the default value is 31.42% higher than that of the actual measurement method.When cement enterprises cannot choose the actual measurement method,they should choose the material balance method or the emission factor method to measure the fuel calorific value,carbon content per unit calorific value and carbonate conversion rate.(4)The verification data of brick and tile enterprises shows that the average uncertainty of the actual measurement method is the smallest,5.75%;the average uncertainty of the material balance algorithm is 4.92% higher than that of the actual measurement method.When brick and tile enterprises cannot measure emissions,the use of material balance algorithms can ensure the accuracy of the accounting results.