Metal Nanoparticles/porous Carbon Composites: Preparation And Their Electrochemical Application

Porous carbon nanomaterials have attracted significant attention in various research areas.The porous carbon exhibits unique porous structure,large specific surface area,excellent conductivity,good chemical inertness,and thermal stability,which makes it suitable for application in electrocatalysis and in the design of electrochemical sensors.The dissertation mainly consists of the following several aspects:1.In this paper,a novel of Fe,Co bimetal embedded nanoporous carbon polyhedron composites（Fe-Co/NPC）was designed by calcining Fe species incorporated zeolitic imidazolate framework-67（ZIF-67）.The as-prepared porous materials had emerged as promising electrode catalyst towards water electrolysis owing to their have a more pathway for electron transfer and unique chemical properties.The resulting Fe-Co/NPC showed extraordinary OER catalytic activity with smaller Tafel slope(53 m V dec^-1),lower overpotential（396 m V）at 10 m A cm^-2,and excellent durability with negligible loss in current density after 1000 cycles.2.In this work,we developed a novel strategy for preparation Co P nanoparticle embedded on N-doped carbon nanoframes（Co P-NCN）for hydrogen evolution reaction（HER）through a pyrolysis-oxidation-phosphidation strategy derived from Co-based zeolitic imidazolate（ZIF-67）nanocubes.The 3D porous structure of ZIF-67-derived N-doped carbon was conducive to accelerating charge and mass transport,which contributed to enhanced electrocatalytic performances.Benefiting from the synergistic effects between the superior active Co P NPs and the unique 3D porous structure,the as-prepared Co P-NCN presented extraordinary catalytic performance.The Co P-NCN had successfully taken advantage of the merits of Co P NPs and its well-defined 3D nanoframe structure,and endowed outstanding electrocatalytic performance,suggesting an ideal electrode material candidate for HER.3.In this work,we proposed a simple and rapid method to prepare Ni nanoparticles embedded on nanoporous carbon nanorods（Ni/NCNs）by carbonization of nickel-based metal-organic framework（Ni-MOF）.The obtained Ni/NCNs exhibited high conductivity,large specific surface area,and porous structure,and the glucose sensing properties were effectively improved.The electrochemical result showed that Ni/NCNs exhibited an excellent electrochemical activity towards glucose,indicating that this catalyst may hold great promise for the design of enzyme-free glucose biosensors.4.In this work,we reported a simple and sensitive strategy to detect telomerase activity in malignant tumors by combining Pt/MPC-COOH as a signal probe and the telomerase-triggered CHA process as a unique signal amplifier.Pt/MPC-COOH not only immobilized hairpin DNA probe 2（H2）via an amide reaction（Pt/MPC-COOH-H2）,but it also generated an obvious electrochemical signal towards acetaminophen（AP）oxidation.In the presence of telomerase,telomerase primer（TP）could fold to form a telomerase extension product（TEP）and initiated the cycle CHA,thus achieved signal amplification.Subsequently,with the TEP-triggered cycle CHA amplification strategy,a large amount of Pt/MPC-COOH-H2 was introduced on the electrode surface for the construction of the electrochemical platform,which realized the sensitive detection of telomerase activity.